diff --git a/src/store/memory.rs b/src/store/memory.rs
index ac9170ee..5b871b40 100644
--- a/src/store/memory.rs
+++ b/src/store/memory.rs
@@ -347,29 +347,29 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for MemoryStore {
     fn insert(&self, quad: &EncodedQuad) -> Result<()> {
         let mut graph_indexes = self.graph_indexes.write()?;
         let graph = graph_indexes
-            .entry(quad.graph_name.clone())
+            .entry(quad.graph_name)
             .or_insert_with(MemoryGraphIndexes::default);
         graph
             .spo
-            .entry(quad.subject.clone())
+            .entry(quad.subject)
             .or_default()
-            .entry(quad.predicate.clone())
+            .entry(quad.predicate)
             .or_default()
-            .insert(quad.object.clone());
+            .insert(quad.object);
         graph
             .pos
-            .entry(quad.predicate.clone())
+            .entry(quad.predicate)
             .or_default()
-            .entry(quad.object.clone())
+            .entry(quad.object)
             .or_default()
-            .insert(quad.subject.clone());
+            .insert(quad.subject);
         graph
             .osp
-            .entry(quad.object.clone())
+            .entry(quad.object)
             .or_default()
-            .entry(quad.subject.clone())
+            .entry(quad.subject)
             .or_default()
-            .insert(quad.predicate.clone());
+            .insert(quad.predicate);
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -446,10 +446,5 @@ fn encoded_quad(
     object: &EncodedTerm,
     graph_name: &EncodedTerm,
 ) -> EncodedQuad {
-    EncodedQuad::new(
-        subject.clone(),
-        predicate.clone(),
-        object.clone(),
-        graph_name.clone(),
-    )
+    EncodedQuad::new(*subject, *predicate, *object, *graph_name)
 }
diff --git a/src/store/numeric_encoder.rs b/src/store/numeric_encoder.rs
index 2d2ffe50..3086f6dc 100644
--- a/src/store/numeric_encoder.rs
+++ b/src/store/numeric_encoder.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const TYPE_TYPED_LITERAL_ID: u8 = 4;
 
 pub static ENCODED_DEFAULT_GRAPH: EncodedTerm = EncodedTerm::DefaultGraph {};
 
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Debug, Clone, Hash)]
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Debug, Clone, Copy, Hash)]
 pub enum EncodedTerm {
     DefaultGraph {},
     NamedNode { iri_id: u64 },
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ impl<S: BytesStore> Encoder<S> {
             object: self.encode_term(quad.object())?,
             graph_name: match quad.graph_name() {
                 Some(graph_name) => self.encode_named_or_blank_node(&graph_name)?,
-                None => ENCODED_DEFAULT_GRAPH.clone(),
+                None => ENCODED_DEFAULT_GRAPH,
             },
         })
     }
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ impl<S: BytesStore> Encoder<S> {
             subject: self.encode_named_or_blank_node(triple.subject())?,
             predicate: self.encode_named_node(triple.predicate())?,
             object: self.encode_term(triple.object())?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
diff --git a/src/store/rocksdb.rs b/src/store/rocksdb.rs
index d1d5cca4..103556a4 100644
--- a/src/store/rocksdb.rs
+++ b/src/store/rocksdb.rs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term(subject)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: SPOGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(Some(subject.clone()), None, None, None),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(Some(*subject), None, None, None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -143,12 +143,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term_pair(subject, predicate)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: SPOGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(
-                Some(subject.clone()),
-                Some(predicate.clone()),
-                None,
-                None,
-            ),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(Some(*subject), Some(*predicate), None, None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -162,12 +157,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term_triple(subject, predicate, object)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: SPOGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(
-                Some(subject.clone()),
-                Some(predicate.clone()),
-                Some(object.clone()),
-                None,
-            ),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(Some(*subject), Some(*predicate), Some(*object), None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -180,12 +170,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term_pair(object, subject)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: OSPGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(
-                Some(subject.clone()),
-                None,
-                Some(object.clone()),
-                None,
-            ),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(Some(*subject), None, Some(*object), None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -197,7 +182,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term(predicate)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: POSGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(None, Some(predicate.clone()), None, None),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(None, Some(*predicate), None, None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -210,12 +195,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term_pair(predicate, object)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: POSGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(
-                None,
-                Some(predicate.clone()),
-                Some(object.clone()),
-                None,
-            ),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(None, Some(*predicate), Some(*object), None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -227,7 +207,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
         iter.seek(&encode_term(&object)?);
         Ok(FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator {
             iter: OSPGIndexIterator { iter },
-            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(None, None, Some(object.clone()), None),
+            filter: EncodedQuadPattern::new(None, None, Some(*object), None),
         })
     }
 
@@ -237,7 +217,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<SPOGIndexIterator>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads()?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
@@ -248,7 +228,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator<SPOGIndexIterator>>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads_for_subject(subject)?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
@@ -260,7 +240,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator<SPOGIndexIterator>>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads_for_subject_predicate(subject, predicate)?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
@@ -272,7 +252,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator<OSPGIndexIterator>>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads_for_subject_object(subject, object)?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
@@ -283,7 +263,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator<POSGIndexIterator>>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads_for_predicate(predicate)?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
@@ -295,7 +275,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator<POSGIndexIterator>>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads_for_predicate_object(predicate, object)?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }
 
@@ -306,7 +286,7 @@ impl EncodedQuadsStore for RocksDbStore {
     ) -> Result<InGraphQuadsIterator<FilteringEncodedQuadsIterator<OSPGIndexIterator>>> {
         Ok(InGraphQuadsIterator {
             iter: self.quads_for_object(object)?,
-            graph_name: graph_name.clone(),
+            graph_name: *graph_name,
         })
     }