Summary:
I will submit a sequence of diffs that are preparing master branch for column families. There are a lot of implicit assumptions in the code that are making column family implementation hard. If I make the change only in column family branch, it will make merging back to master impossible.
Most of the diffs will be simple code refactorings, so I hope we can have fast turnaround time. Feel free to grab me in person to discuss any of them.
This diff removes number of level check from VersionEdit. It is used only when VersionEdit is read, not written, but has to be set when it is written. I believe it is a right thing to make VersionEdit dumb and check consistency on the caller side. This will also make it much easier to implement Column Families, since different column families can have different number of levels.
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, kailiu
Reviewed By: kailiu
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15159
Summary: When building batch group, don't actually build a new batch since it requires heavy-weight mem copy and malloc. Only store references to the batches and build the batch group without lock held.
Test Plan:
`make check`
I am also planning to run performance tests. The workload that will benefit from this change is readwhilewriting. I will post the results once I have them.
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, kailiu
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb, xjin
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15063
Summary: We use SanitizeOptions() to set appropriate values for some options, based on other options. So we should use the sanitized options by default. Luckily it hasn't caused a bug yet, but can result in a bug in the fugture.
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: haobo
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14103
Summary:
In one of CPU profiles, we see some CPU costs of string::reserve() inside Batch.Put(). This patch should be able to reduce some of the costs by allocating sufficient buffer before hand.
Since it is a trivial percentage of CPU costs, I didn't find a way to show the improvement in one of the benchmarks. I'll deploy it to same application and do the same CPU profiling to make sure those CPU costs are reduced.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, igor
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb, nkg-
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15135
Summary: Currently in DBImpl::MakeRoomForWrite(), we do "versions_->NumLevelFiles(0) >= options_.level0_slowdown_writes_trigger" to check whether the writer thread needs to slow down. However, versions_->NumLevelFiles(0) is slightly more expensive than we expected. By caching the result of the comparison when installing a new version, we can avoid this function call every time.
Test Plan:
make all check
Manually trigger this behavior by applying universal compaction style and make sure inserts are made slow after there are certain number of files.
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, igor
Reviewed By: kailiu
CC: nkg-, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15141
Summary:
In one of CPU profiles, we see some CPU costs of string::reserve() inside Batch.Put(). This patch should be able to reduce some of the costs by allocating sufficient buffer before hand.
Since it is a trivial percentage of CPU costs, I didn't find a way to show the improvement in one of the benchmarks. I'll deploy it to same application and do the same CPU profiling to make sure those CPU costs are reduced.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, igor
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb, nkg-
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15135
Summary: The application can set a callback function, which is applied on the previous value. And calculates the new value. This new value can be set, either inplace, if the previous value existed in memtable, and new value is smaller than previous value. Otherwise the new value is added normally.
Test Plan: fbmake. Added unit tests. All unit tests pass.
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: sdong, kailiu, xinyaohu, sumeet, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14745
Summary:
Added an option (max_successive_merges) that can be used to specify the
maximum number of successive merge operations on a key in the memtable.
This can be used to improve performance of the "get" operation. If many
successive merge operations are performed on a key, the performance of "get"
operations on the key deteriorates, as the value has to be computed for each
"get" operation by applying all the successive merge operations.
FB Task ID: #3428853
Test Plan:
make all check
db_bench --benchmarks=readrandommergerandom
counter_stress_test
Reviewers: haobo, vamsi, dhruba, sdong
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: zshao
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14991
Summary:
In some use cases, table readers for all live files should always be cached. In that case, there will be an opportunity to avoid the table cache look-up while Get() and NewIterator().
We define options.max_open_files = -1 to be the mode that table readers for live files will always be kept. In that mode, table readers are cached in FileMetaData (with a reference count hold in table cache). So that when executing table_cache.Get() and table_cache.newInterator(), LRU cache checking can be by-passed, to reduce latency.
Test Plan: add a test case in db_test
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: dhruba, igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15039
Summary: Full list constructed for full iterator can be leaked. This was a bug introduced when I copy the full iterator codes from hash skip list to hash link list. This patch fixes it.
Test Plan: Run valgrind test against db_test and make sure the memory leak is fixed
Reviewers: kailiu, haobo
Reviewed By: kailiu
CC: igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15093
Summary: Currently, even if statistics is not enabled, StopWatch only for the stats still gets the time of the day, which is wasteful. This patch adds a new option to StopWatch to disable this get in this case.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14703
Conflicts:
db/db_impl.cc
Summary:
Implement a mem table, in which keys are hashed based on prefixes. In each bucket, entries are organized in a sorted linked list. It has the same thread safety guarantee as skip list.
The motivation is to optimize memory usage for the case that prefix hashing is primary way of seeking to the entry. Compared to hash skip list implementation, this implementation is more memory efficient, but inside each bucket, search is always linear. The target scenario is that there are only very limited number of records in each hash bucket.
Test Plan: Add a test case in db_test
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, dhruba
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: igor, nkg-, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14979
Summary: Currently, even if statistics is not enabled, StopWatch only for the stats still gets the time of the day, which is wasteful. This patch adds a new option to StopWatch to disable this get in this case.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14703
Summary:
Code was always compressing L0 files written by a memtable flush
when compression was enabled. Now this is done when
min_level_to_compress=0 for leveled compaction and when
universal_compaction_size_percent=-1 for universal compaction.
Task ID: #3416472
Blame Rev:
Test Plan:
ran db_bench with compression options
Revert Plan:
Database Impact:
Memcache Impact:
Other Notes:
EImportant:
- begin *PUBLIC* platform impact section -
Bugzilla: #
- end platform impact -
Reviewers: dhruba, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14757
Summary:
The way DBImpl::TEST_CompactRange() throttles down the number of bg compactions
can cause it to deadlock when CompactRange() is called concurrently from
multiple threads. Imagine a following scenario with only two threads
(max_background_compactions is 10 and bg_compaction_scheduled_ is initially 0):
1. Thread #1 increments bg_compaction_scheduled_ (to LargeNumber), sets
bg_compaction_scheduled_ to 9 (newvalue), schedules the compaction
(bg_compaction_scheduled_ is now 10) and waits for it to complete.
2. Thread #2 calls TEST_CompactRange(), increments bg_compaction_scheduled_
(now LargeNumber + 10) and waits on a cv for bg_compaction_scheduled_ to
drop to LargeNumber.
3. BG thread completes the first manual compaction, decrements
bg_compaction_scheduled_ and wakes up all threads waiting on bg_cv_.
Thread #1 runs, increments bg_compaction_scheduled_ by LargeNumber again
(now 2*LargeNumber + 9). Since that's more than LargeNumber + newvalue,
thread #2 also goes to sleep (waiting on bg_cv_), without resetting
bg_compaction_scheduled_.
This diff attempts to address the problem by introducing a new counter
bg_manual_only_ (when positive, MaybeScheduleFlushOrCompaction() will only
schedule manual compactions).
Test Plan:
I could pretty much consistently reproduce the deadlock with a program that
calls CompactRange(nullptr, nullptr) immediately after Write() from multiple
threads. This no longer happens with this patch.
Tests (make check) pass.
Reviewers: dhruba, igor, sdong, haobo
Reviewed By: igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14799
Summary: this diff only replace the cases when we need to frequently create vector with small amount of entries. This diff doesn't aim to improve performance of a specific area, but more like a small scale test for the autovector and see how it works in real life.
Test Plan:
make check
I also ran the performance tests, however there is no performance gain/loss. All performance numbers are pretty much the same before/after the change.
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14985
Summary: I made some cleanup while reading the source code in `db`. Most changes are about style, naming or C++ 11 new features.
Test Plan: ran `make check`
Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, sdong
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15009
Summary:
We don't want two threads to clash if they concurrently call DisableFileDeletions() and EnableFileDeletions(). I'm adding a counter that will enable file deletions only after all DisableFileDeletions() calls have been negated with EnableFileDeletions().
However, we also don't want to break the old behavior, so I added a parameter force to EnableFileDeletions(). If force is true, we will still enable file deletions after every call to EnableFileDeletions(), which is what is happening now.
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sanketh
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14781
Summary: I'm not sure what's the purpose of encoding file number to a new buffer for looking up the table cache. It seems to be unnecessary to me. With this patch, we point the lookup key to the address of the int64 of the file number.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, igor, kailiu
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14811
Summary:
In some places we have NotFound status created with empty message, but it doesn't avoid a malloc. With this patch, the malloc is avoided for that case.
The motivation of it is that I found in db_bench readrandom test when all keys are not existing, about 4% of the total running time is spent on malloc of Status, plus a similar amount of CPU spent on free of them, which is not necessary.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, igor
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14691
Summary: The previous patch is wrong. rep_.resize(kHeader) just resets the header portion to zero, and should not cause a re-allocation if g++ does it right. I will go ahead and revert it.
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: dhruba, sdong
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14793
Summary: tmp_batch_ will get re-allocated for every merged write batch because of the existing resize in WriteBatch::Clear. Note that in DBImpl::BuildBatchGroup, we have a hard coded upper limit of batch size 1<<20 = 1MB already.
Test Plan: make check
Reviewers: dhruba, sdong
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14787
Summary:
Some changes to PlainTable format:
(1) support variable key length
(2) use user defined slice transformer to extract prefixes
(3) Run some test cases against PlainTable in db_test and table_test
Test Plan: test db_test
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu
CC: dhruba, igor, leveldb, nkg-
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14457
Summary:
Instead of locking and saving a DB state, we can cache a DB state and update it only when it changes. This change reduces lock contention and speeds up read operations on the DB.
Performance improvements are substantial, although there is some cost in no-read workloads. I ran the regression tests on my devserver and here are the numbers:
overwrite 56345 -> 63001
fillseq 193730 -> 185296
readrandom 771301 -> 1219803 (58% improvement!)
readrandom_smallblockcache 677609 -> 862850
readrandom_memtable_sst 710440 -> 1109223
readrandom_fillunique_random 221589 -> 247869
memtablefillrandom 105286 -> 92643
memtablereadrandom 763033 -> 1288862
Test Plan:
make asan_check
I am also running db_stress
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, kailiu
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14679
Summary:
For some tests I want to cache the database prior to running other tests on the same invocation
of db_bench. The readtocache test ignores --threads and --reads so those can be used by other tests
and it will still do a full read of --num rows with one thread. It might be invoked like:
db_bench --benchmarks=readtocache,readrandom --reads 100 --num 10000 --threads 8
Task ID: #
Blame Rev:
Test Plan:
run db_bench
Revert Plan:
Database Impact:
Memcache Impact:
Other Notes:
EImportant:
- begin *PUBLIC* platform impact section -
Bugzilla: #
- end platform impact -
Reviewers: dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14739
Summary: I realized that "D14409 Avoid sorting in Version::Get() by presorting them in VersionSet::Builder::SaveTo()" is not done in an optimized place. SaveTo() is usually inside mutex. Move it to Finalize(), which is called out of mutex.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, kailiu
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14607
Summary: It seems to be a decision tradeoff in current codes: we make a malloc for every Get() to reduce one malloc for a flush inside mutex. It takes about 5% of CPU time in readrandom tests. We might consider the tradeoff to be the other way around.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, igor
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14697
Summary:
This is the last diff that adds the property block to plain table.
The format resembles that of the block-based table: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki/Rocksdb-table-format
[data block]
[meta block 1: stats block]
[meta block 2: future extended block]
...
[meta block K: future extended block] (we may add more meta blocks in the future)
[metaindex block]
[index block: we only have the placeholder here, we can add persistent index block in the future]
[Footer: contains magic number, handle to metaindex block and index block]
<end_of_file>
Test Plan: extended existing property block test.
Reviewers: haobo, sdong, dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14523
Summary: To reduce mutex contention caused by DBImpl.NewInternalIterator(), in this function, move all the iteration creation works out of mutex, only leaving object ref and get.
Test Plan:
make all check
will run db_stress for a while too to make sure no problem.
Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, kailiu
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14589
Summary: When deconstructing an iterator, no need to check obsolete file if it doesn't hold last reference of any version.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, igor, dhruba, kailiu
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14595
Summary: In get operations, merge_operands is only used in few cases. Lazily initialize it can reduce average latency in some cases
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, dhruba
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: igor, nkg-, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14415
Conflicts:
db/db_impl.cc
db/memtable.cc
Summary: Pre-sort files in VersionSet::Builder::SaveTo() so that when getting the value, no need to sort them. It can avoid the costs of vector operations and sorting in Version::Get().
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, dhruba
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: nkg-, igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14409
Summary: Pre-sort files in VersionSet::Builder::SaveTo() so that when getting the value, no need to sort them. It can avoid the costs of vector operations and sorting in Version::Get().
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, dhruba
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: nkg-, igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14409
Summary:
creating new iterators of mem tables can be expensive. Move them out of mutex.
DBImpl::WriteLevel0Table()'s mems seems to be a local vector and is only used by flushing. memtables to flush are also immutable, so it should be safe to do so.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, kailiu
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14577
Conflicts:
db/db_impl.cc
Summary:
creating new iterators of mem tables can be expensive. Move them out of mutex.
DBImpl::WriteLevel0Table()'s mems seems to be a local vector and is only used by flushing. memtables to flush are also immutable, so it should be safe to do so.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, kailiu
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: igor, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14577
Summary: as title
Test Plan: dynamic_bloom_test
Reviewers: dhruba, sdong, kailiu
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14385
Summary: So fflush() takes a lock which is heavyweight. I added flush_pending_, but more importantly, I removed LogFlush() from foreground threads.
Test Plan: ./db_test
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo
Reviewed By: dhruba
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14535
Igor Canadi