Summary:
In the current code base, we can use FaultInjectionTestEnv to simulate the env issue such as file write/read errors, which are used in most of the test. The PR https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/5761 introduce the File System as a new Env API. This PR implement the FaultInjectionTestFS, which can be used to simulate when File System has issues such as IO error. user can specify any IOStatus error as input, such that FS corresponding actions will return certain error to the caller.
A set of ErrorHandlerFSTests are introduced for testing
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6414
Test Plan: pass make asan_check, pass error_handler_fs_test.
Differential Revision: D20252421
Pulled By: zhichao-cao
fbshipit-source-id: e922038f8ce7e6d1da329fd0bba7283c4b779a21
Summary:
Check for sys/auxv.h and getauxval before using them as they are not
always available (for example on uclibc)
Signed-off-by: Fabrice Fontaine <fontaine.fabrice@gmail.com>
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6359
Differential Revision: D20239797
fbshipit-source-id: 175a098094d81545628c2372e7c388e70a32fd48
Summary:
this silences following warning from clang-11
```
rocksdb/db/db_impl/db_impl_compaction_flush.cc:1040:21: warning: loop variable 'newf' of type 'const std::pair<int, rocksdb::FileMetaData>' creates a copy from type 'const
std::pair<int\
, rocksdb::FileMetaData>' [-Wrange-loop-analysis]
for (const auto newf : c->edit()->GetNewFiles()) {
^
rocksdb/db/db_impl/db_impl_compaction_flush.cc:1040:10: note: use reference type 'const std::pair<int, rocksdb::FileMetaData> &' to prevent copying
for (const auto newf : c->edit()->GetNewFiles()) {
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
&
```
Signed-off-by: Kefu Chai <tchaikov@gmail.com>
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6477
Differential Revision: D20211850
Pulled By: ltamasi
fbshipit-source-id: 3e89e13a12bba79f1b934d46b7c4c0576cdafb01
Summary:
When DBImpl::GetCreationTimeOfOldestFile() calls Version::GetCreationTimeOfOldestFile(), the version is not directly or indirectly referenced, so an event like compaction can race with the operation and cause DBImpl::GetCreationTimeOfOldestFile() to access delocated data. This was caught by an ASAN run:
==268==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x612000b7d198 at pc 0x000018332913 bp 0x7f391510d310 sp 0x7f391510d308
READ of size 8 at 0x612000b7d198 thread T845 (store_load-33)
SCARINESS: 51 (8-byte-read-heap-use-after-free)
#0 0x18332912 in rocksdb::Version::GetCreationTimeOfOldestFile(unsigned long*) rocksdb/src/db/version_set.cc:1488
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/1 0x1803ddaa in rocksdb::DBImpl::GetCreationTimeOfOldestFile(unsigned long*) rocksdb/src/db/db_impl/db_impl.cc:4499
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/2 0xe24ca09 in rocksdb::StackableDB::GetCreationTimeOfOldestFile(unsigned long*) rocksdb/utilities/stackable_db.h:392
......
0x612000b7d198 is located 216 bytes inside of 296-byte region [0x612000b7d0c0,0x612000b7d1e8)
freed by thread T28 here:
......
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/5 0x1832c73f in std::vector<rocksdb::FileMetaData*, std::allocator<rocksdb::FileMetaData*> >::~vector() third-party-buck/platform007/build/libgcc/include/c++/trunk/bits/stl_vector.h:435
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/6 0x1832c73f in rocksdb::VersionStorageInfo::~VersionStorageInfo() rocksdb/src/db/version_set.cc:734
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/7 0x1832cf42 in rocksdb::Version::~Version() rocksdb/src/db/version_set.cc:758
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/8 0x9d1bb5 in rocksdb::Version::Unref() rocksdb/src/db/version_set.cc:2869
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/9 0x183e7631 in rocksdb::Compaction::~Compaction() rocksdb/src/db/compaction/compaction.cc:275
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/10 0x9e6de6 in std::default_delete<rocksdb::Compaction>::operator()(rocksdb::Compaction*) const third-party-buck/platform007/build/libgcc/include/c++/trunk/bits/unique_ptr.h:78
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/11 0x9e6de6 in std::unique_ptr<rocksdb::Compaction, std::default_delete<rocksdb::Compaction> >::reset(rocksdb::Compaction*) third-party-buck/platform007/build/libgcc/include/c++/trunk/bits/unique_ptr.h:376
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/12 0x9e6de6 in rocksdb::DBImpl::BackgroundCompaction(bool*, rocksdb::JobContext*, rocksdb::LogBuffer*, rocksdb::DBImpl::PrepickedCompaction*, rocksdb::Env::Priority) rocksdb/src/db/db_impl/db_impl_compaction_flush.cc:2826
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/13 0x9ac3b8 in rocksdb::DBImpl::BackgroundCallCompaction(rocksdb::DBImpl::PrepickedCompaction*, rocksdb::Env::Priority) rocksdb/src/db/db_impl/db_impl_compaction_flush.cc:2320
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/14 0x9abff7 in rocksdb::DBImpl::BGWorkCompaction(void*) rocksdb/src/db/db_impl/db_impl_compaction_flush.cc:2096
......
Fix the issue by reference the super version and use the referenced version from it.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6473
Test Plan: Run ASAN for all existing tests.
Differential Revision: D20196416
fbshipit-source-id: 5f4a7918110fc7b8dd7841932d376bc9d1e59d6f
Summary:
In the current code base, we can use Directory from Env to manage directory (e.g, Fsync()). The PR https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/5761 introduce the File System as a new Env API. So we further replace the Directory class in DB with FSDirectory such that we can have more IO information from IOStatus returned by FSDirectory.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6468
Test Plan: pass make asan_check
Differential Revision: D20195261
Pulled By: zhichao-cao
fbshipit-source-id: 93962cb9436852bfcfb76e086d9e7babd461cbe1
Summary:
Added new Get() methods that return timestamp. Dummy implementation is given so that classes derived from DB don't need to be touched to provide their implementation. MultiGet is not included.
ReadRandom perf test (10 minutes) on the same development machine ram drive with the same DB data shows no regression (within marge of error). The test is adapted from https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki/RocksDB-In-Memory-Workload-Performance-Benchmarks.
base line (commit 72ee067b9):
101.712 micros/op 314602 ops/sec; 36.0 MB/s (5658999 of 5658999 found)
This PR:
100.288 micros/op 319071 ops/sec; 36.5 MB/s (5674999 of 5674999 found)
./db_bench --db=r:\rocksdb.github --num_levels=6 --key_size=20 --prefix_size=20 --keys_per_prefix=0 --value_size=100 --cache_size=2147483648 --cache_numshardbits=6 --compression_type=none --compression_ratio=1 --min_level_to_compress=-1 --disable_seek_compaction=1 --hard_rate_limit=2 --write_buffer_size=134217728 --max_write_buffer_number=2 --level0_file_num_compaction_trigger=8 --target_file_size_base=134217728 --max_bytes_for_level_base=1073741824 --disable_wal=0 --wal_dir=r:\rocksdb.github\WAL_LOG --sync=0 --verify_checksum=1 --delete_obsolete_files_period_micros=314572800 --max_background_compactions=4 --max_background_flushes=0 --level0_slowdown_writes_trigger=16 --level0_stop_writes_trigger=24 --statistics=0 --stats_per_interval=0 --stats_interval=1048576 --histogram=0 --use_plain_table=1 --open_files=-1 --mmap_read=1 --mmap_write=0 --memtablerep=prefix_hash --bloom_bits=10 --bloom_locality=1 --duration=600 --benchmarks=readrandom --use_existing_db=1 --num=25000000 --threads=32
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6409
Differential Revision: D20200086
Pulled By: riversand963
fbshipit-source-id: 490edd74d924f62bd8ae9c29c2a6bbbb8410ca50
Summary:
Both clangd and cquery-language-server requires a compile_commands.json file to
index the project. This file can be ignored by git.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6472
Differential Revision: D20194899
Pulled By: riversand963
fbshipit-source-id: ea1587f2e5d10b7591147073b61efe262a1cf747
Summary:
Some combinatino of --index_with_first_key and --index_shortening_mode can signifcantly improve performance for large values. Expose them in db_bench.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5859
Test Plan: Run them with the new options and observe the behavior.
Differential Revision: D20104434
fbshipit-source-id: 21d48a732a9caf20b82312c7d7557d747ea3c304
Summary:
MultiRead tests in env_test cannot simulate the io_uring case when queries need to be submitted in multiple rounds. Add a new unit test to cover up more requests per MultiRead
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6452
Test Plan: Run it and see it pass when liburing is enabled or not enabled.
Differential Revision: D20078924
fbshipit-source-id: 6cff7fe345a4c5aa47135186e6181bf00df02b68
Summary:
Today `WriteUnpreparedTxn::RollbackInternal` will write the rollback batch assuming that there is only a single subbatch. However, because untracked_keys_ are currently not deduplicated, it's possible for duplicate keys to exist, and thus split the batch. Also, tracked_keys_ also does not support compators outside of the bytewise comparators, so it's possible for duplicates to occur there as well.
To solve this, just pass in the correct subbatch count.
Also, removed `WriteUnpreparedRollbackPreReleaseCallback` to unify the Commit/Rollback codepaths some more.
Also, fixed a bug in `CommitInternal` where if 1. two_write_queue is true and 2. include_data is true, then `WriteUnpreparedCommitEntryPreReleaseCallback` ends up calling `AddCommitted` on the commit time write batch a second time on the second write. To fix, `WriteUnpreparedCommitEntryPreReleaseCallback` is re-initialized.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6463
Differential Revision: D20150153
Pulled By: lth
fbshipit-source-id: df0b42d39406c75af73df995aa1138f0db539cd1
Summary:
Threw assert error at assert(isOwningHandle()) in ColumnFamilyHandle.getDescriptor(),
because default CF don't own a handle, due to [RocksDB.getDefaultColumnFamily()](3a408eeae9/java/src/main/java/org/rocksdb/RocksDB.java (L3702)) called cfHandle.disOwnNativeHandle().
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6006
Differential Revision: D19031448
fbshipit-source-id: 2420c45e835bda0e552e919b1b63708472b91538
Summary:
If file is not mmaped, CuckooTableReader should not try to read table properties from the file.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6453
Test Plan: Added a new unit test
Differential Revision: D20103334
Pulled By: cheng-chang
fbshipit-source-id: 48539f14d93f6c1ebe12c3df5a14719e9d7b8726
Summary:
Original author: jeffrey-xiao
If we are writing a global seqno for an ingested file, the range
tombstone metablock gets accessed and put into the cache during
ingestion preparation. At the time, the global seqno of the ingested
file has not yet been determined, so the cached block will not have a
global seqno. When the file is ingested and we read its range tombstone
metablock, it will be returned from the cache with no global seqno. In
that case, we use the actual seqnos stored in the range tombstones,
which are all zero, so the tombstones cover nothing.
This commit removes global_seqno_ variable from Block. When iterating
over a block, the global seqno for the block is determined by the
iterator instead of storing this mutable attribute in Block.
Additionally, this commit adds a regression test to check that keys are
deleted when ingesting a file with a global seqno and range deletion
tombstones.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6429
Differential Revision: D19961563
Pulled By: ajkr
fbshipit-source-id: 5cf777397fa3e452401f0bf0364b0750492487b7
Summary:
BlobDB currently does not keep track of blob files: no records are written to
the manifest when a blob file is added or removed, and upon opening a database,
the list of blob files is populated simply based on the contents of the blob directory.
This means that lost blob files cannot be detected at the moment. We plan to solve
this issue by making blob files a part of `Version`; as a first step, this patch makes
it possible to store information about blob files in `VersionEdit`. Currently, this information
includes blob file number, total number and size of all blobs, and total number and size
of garbage blobs. However, the format is extensible: new fields can be added in
both a forward compatible and a forward incompatible manner if needed (similarly
to `kNewFile4`).
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6416
Test Plan: `make check`
Differential Revision: D19894234
Pulled By: ltamasi
fbshipit-source-id: f9753e1f2aedf6dadb70c09b345207cb9c58c329
Summary:
The known bug of liburing has been fixed. Now we can re-enable liburing under Linux
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6451
Test Plan: Watch internal CI
Differential Revision: D20079009
fbshipit-source-id: 04a6f53a900ff721f9a62a188cf906771b5d68d2
Summary:
Make kPageSize extern const size_t (used in draft https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/issues/6427)
Make kLitteEndian constexpr bool
Clarify a couple of comments
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6443
Test Plan: make check, CI
Differential Revision: D20044558
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: e0c5cc13229c82726280dc0ddcba4078346b8418
Summary:
The logic that handles io_uring partial results was wrong. Fix the logic by putting it into a queue and continue reading.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6441
Test Plan: Make sure this patch fixes the application test case where the bug was discovered; in env_test, add a unit test that simulates partial results and make sure the results are still correct.
Differential Revision: D20018616
fbshipit-source-id: 5398a7e34d74c26d52aa69dfd604e93e95d99c62
Summary:
Cleanup some code without any real change in functionality.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6440
Differential Revision: D20015891
Pulled By: riversand963
fbshipit-source-id: 33e18754b0f002006a6d4805e9aaf84c0c8ad25a
Summary:
Adding a C API function to set `row_cache` on `rocksdb_options_t` as this functionality is missing.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6442
Differential Revision: D20036813
Pulled By: riversand963
fbshipit-source-id: c1fa95ea343345fbc1e57961d0d048e0e79be373
Summary:
Currently, a new MANIFEST file is assigned a new file number when 1) no
MANIFEST is open, or 2) current MANIFEST file size exceeds a threshold. This is
not sufficient. There are cases when the caller explicitly specifies that a new
MANIFEST be created. For example, if user sets options.write_dbid_to_manifest = true,
and there are WAL files, then RocksDB will run into an issue during recovery.
`DBImpl::Recover()` will call `LogAndApply()` to write dbid. At this point, the db being
recovered creates a new MANIFEST, say, MANIFEST-000003. Since there are WALs,
`DBImpl::RecoverLogFiles` will be called. Towards the end of this function, we call
`LogAndApply(new_descriptor_log=true)`, which explicitly creates a new MANIFEST.
However, the manifest_file_number is wrong before this fix. Consequently, RocksDB
opens an existing, non-empty file for append, effectively truncating the file to zero.
If a crash occurs, then there will be data loss.
Test Plan (devserver):
make check
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6426
Test Plan: make check
Differential Revision: D19951866
Pulled By: riversand963
fbshipit-source-id: 4b1b9fc28d4fe2ac12764b388ef9e61f05e766da
Summary:
When dynamically linking two binaries together, different builds of RocksDB from two sources might cause errors. To provide a tool for user to solve the problem, the RocksDB namespace is changed to a flag which can be overridden in build time.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6433
Test Plan: Build release, all and jtest. Try to build with ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE with another flag.
Differential Revision: D19977691
fbshipit-source-id: aa7f2d0972e1c31d75339ac48478f34f6cfcfb3e
Summary:
We were removing the file from `log_recycle_files_` before renaming it
with `ReuseWritableFile()`. Since `ReuseWritableFile()` occurs outside
the DB mutex, it was possible for a concurrent full purge to sneak in
and delete the file before it could be renamed. Consequently, `SwitchMemtable()`
would fail and the DB would enter read-only mode.
The fix is to hold the old file number in `log_recycle_files_` until
after the file has been renamed. Full purge uses that list to decide
which files to keep, so it can no longer delete a file pending recycling.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5900
Test Plan: new unit test
Differential Revision: D19771719
Pulled By: ajkr
fbshipit-source-id: 094346349ca3fb499712e62de03905acc30b5ce8
Summary:
For write unprepared, some applications may bypass the transaction api, and write keys directly into the write batch. However, since they are not tracked, rollbacks (both for savepoint and transaction) are not aware that these keys have to be rolled back.
The fix is to track them in `WriteUnpreparedTxn::untracked_keys_`. This is populated whenever we flush unprepared batches into the DB.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6404
Differential Revision: D19842023
Pulled By: lth
fbshipit-source-id: a9edfc643d5c905fc89da9a9a9094d30c9b70108
Summary:
`index` can be replaced by `iter`, saving the computation of `index++`.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6406
Test Plan: make check
Differential Revision: D19905056
Pulled By: cheng-chang
fbshipit-source-id: add4638959c0d2e4e77a11f3fa04ffabaf0de790
Summary:
Previously, when recovering version set, LoadTableHandlers failures are ignored.
If paranoid_checks is true, this failure should not be ignored, otherwise, the opened db might be in an inconsistent state.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6368
Test Plan: make check
Differential Revision: D19713459
Pulled By: cheng-chang
fbshipit-source-id: 68cb94f4f2cc43f8b024b14755193cd45cfcad55
Summary:
I create a new branch from the branch new upsteram/master and "git merge --squash".
Maybe it will fix everything.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6420
Differential Revision: D19897152
Pulled By: zhichao-cao
fbshipit-source-id: 6575d9e3b23e360f42ee1480b43028b5fcc20136
Summary:
During recovery, multiple (un)prepared batches could exist in the same WAL record due to group commit. This breaks an assertion in `MemTableInserter::MarkBeginPrepare`.
To fix, reset unprepared_batch_ to false after `MarkEndPrepare`.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6419
Differential Revision: D19896148
Pulled By: lth
fbshipit-source-id: b1a32ef88f775a0881264a18bd1a4a5b8c85eee3
Summary:
Unfortunately, it seems like mysqld reuses xids across machine restarts. When that happens, we could have something like the following happening:
```
BEGIN_PREPARE(unprepared) Put(a) END_PREPARE(xid = 1)
-- crash and recover with Put(a) rolled back as it was not prepared
BEGIN_PREPARE(prepared) Put(b) END_PREPARE(xid = 1)
COMMIT(xid = 1)
-- crash and recover with both a, b
```
To solve this, we will have to log the rollback batch into the WAL during recovery.
WritePrepared already logs the rollback batch into the WAL, if a rollback happens after prepare, so there is no problem there.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6418
Differential Revision: D19896151
Pulled By: lth
fbshipit-source-id: 2ff65ddc5fe75efd57736fed4b7cd7a109d26609
Summary:
A recent fix related to 2pc https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6313/ writes something to WAL, but does not flush or sync. This causes assertion failure "impl->TEST_WALBufferIsEmpty()" if manual_wal_flush = true. We should fsync the entry to make sure a second power reset can recover.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6417
Test Plan: Add manual_wal_flush=true case in TransactionTest.DoubleCrashInRecovery and fix a bug in the test so that the bug can be reproduced. It passes with the fix.
Differential Revision: D19894537
fbshipit-source-id: f1e84e49e2269f583c6019743118292cd8b6598e
Summary:
The DecreaseNumBgThreads test keeps failing on Windows in AppVeyor.
It fails because it depends on a timed wait for the tasks to be dequeued from the threadpool's internal queue, but within the specified time, the task might have not been scheduled onto the newly created threads.
https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6232 tries to fix this by waiting for longer time to let the threads scheduled.
This PR tries to fix this by replacing the timed wait with a synchronization on the task's internal conditional variable.
When the number of threads increases, instead of guessing the time needed for the task to be scheduled, it directly blocks on the conditional variable until the task starts running.
But when thread number is reduced, it still does a timed wait, but this does not lead to the flakiness now, will try to remove these timed waits in a future PR.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6393
Test Plan: Wait to see whether AppVeyor tests pass.
Differential Revision: D19890928
Pulled By: cheng-chang
fbshipit-source-id: 4e56e4addf625c98c0876e62d9d57a6f0a156f76
Summary:
Since IO Uring feature is not stable. Remove it from buck configuration.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6415
Test Plan: See internal build pass
Differential Revision: D19892988
fbshipit-source-id: 7fc01efc2af5ed707fb8e4e4674223aeb83cd5ea
Summary:
It's observed on Windows DestroyDB failed to remove the log file because the logger is still alive in sst file manager and holding a handle to the log file. This fix makes sure the logger is released before attempt to clear the database directory.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6308
Differential Revision: D19818829
Pulled By: riversand963
fbshipit-source-id: 54c3e6859aadaaba4a49b3e851b73dc35ec7dc6a
Summary:
Seems like this caused the following test failure on AppVeyor:
DBTest2.CrashInRecoveryMultipleCF
c:\projects\rocksdb\db\db_test_util.cc(107): error: DestroyDB(dbname_, options)
IO error: Failed to delete: C:\projects\rocksdb\db_tests\\testrocksdb-3112//db_test2_10791409581227174103/000013.sst: Access is denied.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6410
Test Plan: Wait to see whether the AppVeyor test passes.
Differential Revision: D19879872
Pulled By: cheng-chang
fbshipit-source-id: 59a9c55ca88566e9210c0b715ecc45a4fd9afe26
Summary:
We realized bugs related to IO Uring. Turn it off by default.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6405
Test Plan: Manually run build_tools/build_detect_platform and observe outputs.
Differential Revision: D19862792
fbshipit-source-id: 5d5e8e2762997b72a145ae59389ef3d7e4ccd060
Summary:
Unrevert the previous fix to propagate error status, and an additional fix to not treat a memtable lookup MergeInProgress status as an error.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/6403
Test Plan:
Unit tests
Tried running stress tests but couldn't repro the stress failure
Differential Revision: D19846721
Pulled By: anand1976
fbshipit-source-id: 7db10cccbdc863d9b559497f0a46b608d2488ca4
Summary:
It is very useful to support direct ByteBuffers in Java. It allows to have zero memory copy and some serializers are using that directly so one do not need to create byte[] array for it.
This change also contains some fixes for Windows JNI build.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/2283
Differential Revision: D19834971
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: 44173aa02afc9836c5498c592fd1ea95b6086e8e
Zhichao Cao