Summary:
Given that index value is a BlockHandle, which is basically an <offset, size> pair we can apply delta encoding on the values. The first value at each index restart interval encoded the full BlockHandle but the rest encode only the size. Refer to IndexBlockIter::DecodeCurrentValue for the detail of the encoding. This reduces the index size which helps using the block cache more efficiently. The feature is enabled with using format_version 4.
The feature comes with a bit of cpu overhead which should be paid back by the higher cache hits due to smaller index block size.
Results with sysbench read-only using 4k blocks and using 16 index restart interval:
Format 2:
19585 rocksdb read-only range=100
Format 3:
19569 rocksdb read-only range=100
Format 4:
19352 rocksdb read-only range=100
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/3983
Differential Revision: D8361343
Pulled By: maysamyabandeh
fbshipit-source-id: f882ee082322acac32b0072e2bdbb0b5f854e651
Summary:
A recent change pushed down the upper bound checking to child iterators. However, this causes the logic of following sequence wrong:
Seek(key);
if (!Valid()) SeekToLast();
Because !Valid() may be caused by upper bounds, rather than the end of the iterator. In this case SeekToLast() points to totally wrong places. This can cause wrong results, infinite loops, or segfault in some cases.
This sequence is called when changing direction from forward to backward. And this by itself also implicitly happen during reseeking optimization in Prev().
Fix this bug by using SeekForPrev() rather than this sequuence, as what is already done in prefix extrator case.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/3989
Differential Revision: D8385422
Pulled By: siying
fbshipit-source-id: 429e869990cfd2dc389421e0836fc496bed67bb4
Summary:
Before this PR, Iterator/InternalIterator may simultaneously have non-ok status() and Valid() = true. That state means that the last operation failed, but the iterator is nevertheless positioned on some unspecified record. Likely intended uses of that are:
* If some sst files are corrupted, a normal iterator can be used to read the data from files that are not corrupted.
* When using read_tier = kBlockCacheTier, read the data that's in block cache, skipping over the data that is not.
However, this behavior wasn't documented well (and until recently the wiki on github had misleading incorrect information). In the code there's a lot of confusion about the relationship between status() and Valid(), and about whether Seek()/SeekToLast()/etc reset the status or not. There were a number of bugs caused by this confusion, both inside rocksdb and in the code that uses rocksdb (including ours).
This PR changes the convention to:
* If status() is not ok, Valid() always returns false.
* Any seek operation resets status. (Before the PR, it depended on iterator type and on particular error.)
This does sacrifice the two use cases listed above, but siying said it's ok.
Overview of the changes:
* A commit that adds missing status checks in MergingIterator. This fixes a bug that actually affects us, and we need it fixed. `DBIteratorTest.NonBlockingIterationBugRepro` explains the scenario.
* Changes to lots of iterator types to make all of them conform to the new convention. Some bug fixes along the way. By far the biggest changes are in DBIter, which is a big messy piece of code; I tried to make it less big and messy but mostly failed.
* A stress-test for DBIter, to gain some confidence that I didn't break it. It does a few million random operations on the iterator, while occasionally modifying the underlying data (like ForwardIterator does) and occasionally returning non-ok status from internal iterator.
To find the iterator types that needed changes I searched for "public .*Iterator" in the code. Here's an overview of all 27 iterator types:
Iterators that didn't need changes:
* status() is always ok(), or Valid() is always false: MemTableIterator, ModelIter, TestIterator, KVIter (2 classes with this name anonymous namespaces), LoggingForwardVectorIterator, VectorIterator, MockTableIterator, EmptyIterator, EmptyInternalIterator.
* Thin wrappers that always pass through Valid() and status(): ArenaWrappedDBIter, TtlIterator, InternalIteratorFromIterator.
Iterators with changes (see inline comments for details):
* DBIter - an overhaul:
- It used to silently skip corrupted keys (`FindParseableKey()`), which seems dangerous. This PR makes it just stop immediately after encountering a corrupted key, just like it would for other kinds of corruption. Let me know if there was actually some deeper meaning in this behavior and I should put it back.
- It had a few code paths silently discarding subiterator's status. The stress test caught a few.
- The backwards iteration code path was expecting the internal iterator's set of keys to be immutable. It's probably always true in practice at the moment, since ForwardIterator doesn't support backwards iteration, but this PR fixes it anyway. See added DBIteratorTest.ReverseToForwardBug for an example.
- Some parts of backwards iteration code path even did things like `assert(iter_->Valid())` after a seek, which is never a safe assumption.
- It used to not reset status on seek for some types of errors.
- Some simplifications and better comments.
- Some things got more complicated from the added error handling. I'm open to ideas for how to make it nicer.
* MergingIterator - check status after every operation on every subiterator, and in some places assert that valid subiterators have ok status.
* ForwardIterator - changed to the new convention, also slightly simplified.
* ForwardLevelIterator - fixed some bugs and simplified.
* LevelIterator - simplified.
* TwoLevelIterator - changed to the new convention. Also fixed a bug that would make SeekForPrev() sometimes silently ignore errors from first_level_iter_.
* BlockBasedTableIterator - minor changes.
* BlockIter - replaced `SetStatus()` with `Invalidate()` to make sure non-ok BlockIter is always invalid.
* PlainTableIterator - some seeks used to not reset status.
* CuckooTableIterator - tiny code cleanup.
* ManagedIterator - fixed some bugs.
* BaseDeltaIterator - changed to the new convention and fixed a bug.
* BlobDBIterator - seeks used to not reset status.
* KeyConvertingIterator - some small change.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/3810
Differential Revision: D7888019
Pulled By: al13n321
fbshipit-source-id: 4aaf6d3421c545d16722a815b2fa2e7912bc851d
Summary:
Three small optimizations:
(1) iter_->IsKeyPinned() shouldn't be called if read_options.pin_data is not true. This may trigger function call all the way down the iterator tree.
(2) reuse the iterator key object in DBIter::FindNextUserEntryInternal(). The constructor of the class has some overheads.
(3) Move the switching direction logic in MergingIterator::Next() to a separate function.
These three in total improves readseq performance by about 3% in my benchmark setting.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/2880
Differential Revision: D5829252
Pulled By: siying
fbshipit-source-id: 991aea10c6d6c3b43769cb4db168db62954ad1e3
Summary:
Merging iterator invokes InternalKeyComparator.Compare() frequently to heap merge. By making InternalKeyComparator final and merging iterator to directly use InternalKeyComparator rather than through Iterator interface, we can give compiler a choice to avoid one more virtual function call if possible. I ran readseq benchmark in memory-only use case to make sure the performance at least doesn't regress.
I have to disable the final key word in debug build, as a hack test class depends on overriding the class.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/2860
Differential Revision: D5800461
Pulled By: siying
fbshipit-source-id: ab876f22a09bb5c560740911412336e0e25ccb53
Summary:
Move some files under util/ to new directories env/, monitoring/ options/ and cache/
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/2090
Differential Revision: D4833681
Pulled By: siying
fbshipit-source-id: 2fd8bef
Summary:
merger.h was always a confusing name for me, simply give the file a better name
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1836
Differential Revision: D4505357
Pulled By: IslamAbdelRahman
fbshipit-source-id: 07b28d8
Summary: Siying suggested to keep old code for normal mode prev() for safety
Test Plan: make check -j64
Reviewers: yiwu, andrewkr, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D65439
Summary:
1) The previous solution for Prev() prefix support is not clean.
Since I add api SeekForPrev(), now the Prev() can be symmetric to Next().
and we do not need SeekToLast() to be called in Prev() any more.
Also, Next() will Seek(prefix_seek_key_) to solve the problem of possible inconsistency between db_iter and merge_iter when
there is merge_operator. And prefix_seek_key is only refreshed when change direction to forward.
2) This diff also solves the bug of Iterator::SeekToLast() with iterate_upper_bound_ with prefix extractor.
add test cases for the above two cases.
There are some tests for the SeekToLast() in Prev(), I will clean them later.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, andrewkr, yiwu, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D63933
Summary:
Add new Iterator API, `SeekForPrev`: find the last key that <= target key
support prefix_extractor
support prefix_same_as_start
support upper_bound
not supported in iterators without Prev()
Also add tests in db_iter_test and db_iterator_test
Pass all tests
Cheers!
Test Plan: make all check -j64
Reviewers: andrewkr, yiwu, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D64149
Summary:
core dump when run
`./db_stress --max_background_compactions=1 --max_write_buffer_number=3 --sync=0 --reopen=20 --write_buffer_size=33554432 --delpercent=5 --log2_keys_per_lock=10 --block_size=16384 --allow_concurrent_memtable_write=1 --test_batches_snapshots=0 --max_bytes_for_level_base=67108864 --progress_reports=0 --mmap_read=1 --kill_prefix_blacklist=WritableFileWriter::Append,WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered --writepercent=35 --disable_data_sync=0 --readpercent=50 --subcompactions=3 --ops_per_thread=20000000 --memtablerep=skip_list --prefix_size=0 --target_file_size_multiplier=1 --column_families=1 --db=/dev/shm/rocksdb/rocksdb_crashtest_whitebox --threads=32 --disable_wal=0 --open_files=500000 --destroy_db_initially=0 --target_file_size_base=16777216 --nooverwritepercent=1 --iterpercent=10 --max_key=100000000 --prefixpercent=0 --use_clock_cache=false --kill_random_test=189 --cache_size=1048576 --verify_checksum=1`
Actually the relevant flag is `--threads`, data race when --thread > 1 cause problem.
It is possible that multiple
threads read/write memtable simultaneously. After one thread
calls Prev(), another thread may insert a new key just between
the current key and the key next, which may cause the
assert(current_ == CurrentForward()) failure when the first
thread calls Next() again if in prefix seek mode
Test Plan: rerun db_stress with >1 thread / make all check -j64
Reviewers: sdong, andrewkr, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D62979
Summary: As title, make sure Prev() works as expected with Next() when the current iter->key() in the range of the same prefix in prefix seek mode
Test Plan: make all check -j64 (add prefix_test with PrefixSeekModePrev test case)
Reviewers: andrewkr, sdong, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: yoshinorim, andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D61419
Summary:
While trying to reuse PinData() / ReleasePinnedData() .. to optimize away some memcpys I realized that there is a significant overhead for using PinData() / ReleasePinnedData if they were called many times.
This diff refactor the pinning logic by introducing PinnedIteratorsManager a centralized component that will be created once and will be notified whenever we need to Pin an Iterator. This implementation have much less overhead than the original implementation
Test Plan:
make check -j64
COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 make check -j64
Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D56493
Summary:
This patch update the Iterator API to introduce new functions that allow users to keep the Slices returned by key() valid as long as the Iterator is not deleted
ReadOptions::pin_data : If true keep loaded blocks in memory as long as the iterator is not deleted
Iterator::IsKeyPinned() : If true, this mean that the Slice returned by key() is valid as long as the iterator is not deleted
Also add a new option BlockBasedTableOptions::use_delta_encoding to allow users to disable delta_encoding if needed.
Benchmark results (using https://phabricator.fb.com/P20083553)
```
// $ du -h /home/tec/local/normal.4K.Snappy/db10077
// 6.1G /home/tec/local/normal.4K.Snappy/db10077
// $ du -h /home/tec/local/zero.8K.LZ4/db10077
// 6.4G /home/tec/local/zero.8K.LZ4/db10077
// Benchmarks for shard db10077
// _build/opt/rocks/benchmark/rocks_copy_benchmark \
// --normal_db_path="/home/tec/local/normal.4K.Snappy/db10077" \
// --zero_db_path="/home/tec/local/zero.8K.LZ4/db10077"
// First run
// ============================================================================
// rocks/benchmark/RocksCopyBenchmark.cpp relative time/iter iters/s
// ============================================================================
// BM_StringCopy 1.73s 576.97m
// BM_StringPiece 103.74% 1.67s 598.55m
// ============================================================================
// Match rate : 1000000 / 1000000
// Second run
// ============================================================================
// rocks/benchmark/RocksCopyBenchmark.cpp relative time/iter iters/s
// ============================================================================
// BM_StringCopy 611.99ms 1.63
// BM_StringPiece 203.76% 300.35ms 3.33
// ============================================================================
// Match rate : 1000000 / 1000000
```
Test Plan: Unit tests
Reviewers: sdong, igor, anthony, yhchiang, rven
Reviewed By: rven
Subscribers: dhruba, lovro, adsharma
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D48999
Summary:
Separate a new class InternalIterator from class Iterator, when the look-up is done internally, which also means they operate on key with sequence ID and type.
This change will enable potential future optimizations but for now InternalIterator's functions are still the same as Iterator's.
At the same time, separate the cleanup function to a separate class and let both of InternalIterator and Iterator inherit from it.
Test Plan: Run all existing tests.
Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, anthony, kradhakrishnan, IslamAbdelRahman, rven
Reviewed By: rven
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D48549
Summary:
In some cases, equality comparisons can be done more efficiently than three-way
comparisons. There are quite a few places in the code where we only care about
equality. This patch adds an Equal() method that defaults to using the
Compare() method.
Test Plan: make clean all check
Reviewers: rven, anthony, yhchiang, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D46233
Summary: Add more test cases of data race causing wrong iterating results. Tag tests not passing as DISABLED_
Test Plan: Run the tests
Reviewers: igor, rven, IslamAbdelRahman, anthony, kradhakrishnan, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: tnovak, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D44907
Summary: Iterator has a bug: if a child iterator reaches its end, and user issues a Prev(), and just before SeekToLast() of the child iterator is called, some extra rows is added in the end, the position of iterator can be misplaced.
Test Plan: Run the tests with or without valgrind
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: tnovak, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D43671
Summary:
Remove assert(current_ == CurrentReverse()) in MergingIterator::Prev()
because it is possible to have some keys larger than the seek-key
inserted between Seek() and SeekToLast(), which makes current_ not
equal to CurrentReverse().
Test Plan: db_stress
Reviewers: igor, sdong, IslamAbdelRahman, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D41331
Summary:
This diff reverts the following two previous diffs related to
DBIter::FindPrevUserKey(), which makes db_stress unstable.
We should bake a better fix for this.
* "Fix a comparison in DBIter::FindPrevUserKey()"
ec70fea4c4.
* "Fixed endless loop in DBIter::FindPrevUserKey()"
acee2b08a2.
Test Plan: db_stress
Reviewers: anthony, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D41301
Summary:
While profiling compaction in our service I noticed a lot of CPU (~15% of compaction) being spent in MergingIterator and key comparison. Looking at the code I found MergingIterator was (understandably) using std::priority_queue for the multiway merge.
Keys in our dataset include sequence numbers that increase with time. Adjacent keys in an L0 file are very likely to be adjacent in the full database. Consequently, compaction will often pick a chunk of rows from the same L0 file before switching to another one. It would be great to avoid the O(log K) operation per row while compacting.
This diff replaces std::priority_queue with a custom binary heap implementation. It has a "replace top" operation that is cheap when the new top is the same as the old one (i.e. the priority of the top entry is decreased but it still stays on top).
Test Plan:
make check
To test the effect on performance, I generated databases with data patterns that mimic what I describe in the summary (rows have a mostly increasing sequence number). I see a 10-15% CPU decrease for compaction (and a matching throughput improvement on tmpfs). The exact improvement depends on the number of L0 files and the amount of locality. Performance on randomly distributed keys seems on par with the old code.
Reviewers: kailiu, sdong, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: yoshinorim, dhruba, tnovak
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D29133
Summary:
When using latest clang (3.6 or 3.7/trunck) rocksdb is failing with many errors. Almost all of them are missing override errors. This diff adds missing override keyword. No manual changes.
Prerequisites: bear and clang 3.5 build with extra tools
```lang=bash
% USE_CLANG=1 bear make all # generate a compilation database http://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html
% clang-modernize -p . -include . -add-override
% make format
```
Test Plan:
Make sure all tests are passing.
```lang=bash
% #Use default fb code clang.
% make check
```
Verify less error and no missing override errors.
```lang=bash
% # Have trunk clang present in path.
% ROCKSDB_NO_FBCODE=1 CC=clang CXX=clang++ make
```
Reviewers: igor, kradhakrishnan, rven, meyering, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D34077
Summary: So iOS size_t is 32-bit, so we need to static_cast<size_t> any uint64_t :(
Test Plan: TARGET_OS=IOS make static_lib
Reviewers: dhruba, ljin, yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28743
Summary: It turns out that -Wshadow has different rules for gcc than clang. Previous commit fixed clang. This commits fixes the rest of the warnings for gcc.
Test Plan: compiles
Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28131
This eliminates the need to remember to call PERF_TIMER_STOP when a section has
been timed. This allows more useful design with the perf timers and enables
possible return value optimizations. Simplistic example:
class Foo {
public:
Foo(int v) : m_v(v);
private:
int m_v;
}
Foo makeFrobbedFoo(int *errno)
{
*errno = 0;
return Foo();
}
Foo bar(int *errno)
{
PERF_TIMER_GUARD(some_timer);
return makeFrobbedFoo(errno);
}
int main(int argc, char[] argv)
{
Foo f;
int errno;
f = bar(&errno);
if (errno)
return -1;
return 0;
}
After bar() is called, perf_context.some_timer would be incremented as if
Stop(&perf_context.some_timer) was called at the end, and the compiler is still
able to produce optimizations on the return value from makeFrobbedFoo() through
to main().
* Script for building the unity.cc file via Makefile
* Unity executable Makefile target for testing builds
* Source code changes to fix compilation of unity build
Summary:
In this patch, try to allocate the whole iterator tree starting from DBIter from an arena
1. ArenaWrappedDBIter is created when serves as the entry point of an iterator tree, with an arena in it.
2. Add an option to create iterator from arena for following iterators: DBIter, MergingIterator, MemtableIterator, all mem table's iterators, all table reader's iterators and two level iterator.
3. MergeIteratorBuilder is created to incrementally build the tree of internal iterators. It is passed to mem table list and version set and add iterators to it.
Limitations:
(1) Only DB::NewIterator() without tailing uses the arena. Other cases, including readonly DB and compactions are still from malloc
(2) Two level iterator itself is allocated in arena, but not iterators inside it.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: ljin, haobo
Reviewed By: haobo
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba, yhchiang, igor
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18513
Summary:
Use autovector in MergingIterator so that if there are 4 or less child iterators in it, iterator wrappers are inline, which is more likely to be cache friendly.
Based on one test run with a shadow traffic of one product, it reduces CPU of MergingIterator::Seek() by half.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo, yhchiang, igor, dhruba
Reviewed By: igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18531
Summary: Compiling for iOS has by default turned on -Wmissing-prototypes, which causes rocksdb to fail compiling. This diff turns on -Wmissing-prototypes in our compile options and cleans up all functions with missing prototypes.
Test Plan: compiles
Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, ljin, sdong
Reviewed By: ljin
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17649
Summary: This will allow us to disable them completely for iOS or for better performance
Test Plan: will run make all check
Reviewers: igor, haobo, dhruba
Reviewed By: haobo
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17511
Summary:
Due to a bad merge of D14163 and D14001 before checking in D14001, "direction_ = kForward;" in MergeIterator::Seek() was deleted my mistake (in commit b135d01e7b ). It will generate wrong results or assert failure after the sequence of Prev() (or SeekToLast()), Seek() and Prev().
Fix it
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: igor, haobo, dhruba
Reviewed By: igor
CC: yhchiang, i.am.jin.lei, ljin, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16527
Summary:
Provide a framework to profile a query in detail to figure out latency bottleneck. Currently, in Get(), Put() and iterators, 2-3 simple timing is used. We can easily add more profile counters to the framework later.
Test Plan: Enable this profiling in seveal existing tests.
Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, kailiu, emayanke, vamsi, igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14001
Conflicts:
table/merger.cc
Summary:
Provide a framework to profile a query in detail to figure out latency bottleneck. Currently, in Get(), Put() and iterators, 2-3 simple timing is used. We can easily add more profile counters to the framework later.
Test Plan: Enable this profiling in seveal existing tests.
Reviewers: haobo, dhruba, kailiu, emayanke, vamsi, igor
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D14001
Summary:
For the use cases that prefix filtering is enabled, initializing heaps when doing MergingIterator.Seek() might introduce non-negligible costs. This patch makes it lazily done.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: haobo,dhruba,kailiu
CC:
Task ID: #
Blame Rev:
Summary:
Change namespace from leveldb to rocksdb. This allows a single
application to link in open-source leveldb code as well as
rocksdb code into the same process.
Test Plan: compile rocksdb
Reviewers: emayanke
Reviewed By: emayanke
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D13287
Michael Liu