Summary:
For every merge operand encountered for a key in the read path we now have the ability to decide whether to look further (to retrieve more merge operands for the key) or stop and invoke the merge operator to return the value. The user needs to override `ShouldMerge()` method with a condition to terminate search when true to avail this facility.
This has a couple of advantages:
1. It helps in limiting the number of merge operands that are looked at to compute a value as part of a user Get operation.
2. It allows to peek at a merge key-value to see if further merge operands need to look at.
Example: Limiting the number of merge operands that are looked at: Lets say you have 10 merge operands for a key spread over various levels. If you only want RocksDB to look at the latest two merge operands instead of all 10 to compute the value, it is now possible with this PR. You can set the condition in `ShouldMerge()` to return true when the size of the operand list is 2. Look at the example implementation in the unit test. Without this PR, a Get might look at all the 10 merge operands in different levels before invoking the merge-operator.
Added a new unit test.
Made sure that there is no perf regression by running benchmarks.
Command line to Load data:
```
TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm ./db_bench --benchmarks="mergerandom" --merge_operator="uint64add" --num=10000000
...
mergerandom : 12.861 micros/op 77757 ops/sec; 8.6 MB/s ( updates:10000000)
```
**ReadRandomMergeRandom bechmark results:**
Command line:
```
TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm ./db_bench --benchmarks="readrandommergerandom" --merge_operator="uint64add" --num=10000000
```
Base -- Without this code change (on commit fc7476b):
```
readrandommergerandom : 38.586 micros/op 25916 ops/sec; (reads:3001599 merges:6998401 total:10000000 hits:842235 maxlength:8)
```
With this code change:
```
readrandommergerandom : 38.653 micros/op 25870 ops/sec; (reads:3001599 merges:6998401 total:10000000 hits:842235 maxlength:8)
```
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/2923
Differential Revision: D5898239
Pulled By: sagar0
fbshipit-source-id: daefa325019f77968639a75c851d46352c2303ef
Sagar Vemuri