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rocksdb/db/fault_injection_test.cc

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23 KiB

// Copyright (c) 2015, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
// LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
// of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
//
// Copyright 2014 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
// This test uses a custom Env to keep track of the state of a filesystem as of
// the last "sync". It then checks for data loss errors by purposely dropping
// file data (or entire files) not protected by a "sync".
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include "db/db_impl.h"
#include "db/filename.h"
#include "db/log_format.h"
#include "db/version_set.h"
#include "rocksdb/cache.h"
#include "rocksdb/db.h"
#include "rocksdb/env.h"
#include "rocksdb/table.h"
#include "rocksdb/write_batch.h"
#include "util/logging.h"
#include "util/mock_env.h"
#include "util/mutexlock.h"
#include "util/testharness.h"
#include "util/testutil.h"
namespace rocksdb {
static const int kValueSize = 1000;
static const int kMaxNumValues = 2000;
static const size_t kNumIterations = 3;
class TestWritableFile;
class FaultInjectionTestEnv;
namespace {
// Assume a filename, and not a directory name like "/foo/bar/"
static std::string GetDirName(const std::string filename) {
size_t found = filename.find_last_of("/\\");
if (found == std::string::npos) {
return "";
} else {
return filename.substr(0, found);
}
}
// Trim the tailing "/" in the end of `str`
static std::string TrimDirname(const std::string& str) {
size_t found = str.find_last_not_of("/");
if (found == std::string::npos) {
return str;
}
return str.substr(0, found + 1);
}
// Return pair <parent directory name, file name> of a full path.
static std::pair<std::string, std::string> GetDirAndName(
const std::string& name) {
std::string dirname = GetDirName(name);
std::string fname = name.substr(dirname.size() + 1);
return std::make_pair(dirname, fname);
}
// A basic file truncation function suitable for this test.
Status Truncate(Env* env, const std::string& filename, uint64_t length) {
unique_ptr<SequentialFile> orig_file;
const EnvOptions options;
Status s = env->NewSequentialFile(filename, &orig_file, options);
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot truncate file %s: %s\n", filename.c_str(),
s.ToString().c_str());
return s;
}
char* scratch = new char[length];
rocksdb::Slice result;
s = orig_file->Read(length, &result, scratch);
if (s.ok()) {
std::string tmp_name = GetDirName(filename) + "/truncate.tmp";
unique_ptr<WritableFile> tmp_file;
s = env->NewWritableFile(tmp_name, &tmp_file, options);
if (s.ok()) {
s = tmp_file->Append(result);
if (s.ok()) {
s = env->RenameFile(tmp_name, filename);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot rename file %s to %s: %s\n", tmp_name.c_str(),
filename.c_str(), s.ToString().c_str());
env->DeleteFile(tmp_name);
}
}
}
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot truncate file %s: %s\n", filename.c_str(),
s.ToString().c_str());
}
delete[] scratch;
return s;
}
struct FileState {
std::string filename_;
ssize_t pos_;
ssize_t pos_at_last_sync_;
ssize_t pos_at_last_flush_;
explicit FileState(const std::string& filename)
: filename_(filename),
pos_(-1),
pos_at_last_sync_(-1),
pos_at_last_flush_(-1) { }
FileState() : pos_(-1), pos_at_last_sync_(-1), pos_at_last_flush_(-1) {}
bool IsFullySynced() const { return pos_ <= 0 || pos_ == pos_at_last_sync_; }
Status DropUnsyncedData(Env* env) const;
Status DropRandomUnsyncedData(Env* env, Random* rand) const;
};
} // anonymous namespace
// A wrapper around WritableFile which informs another Env whenever this file
// is written to or sync'ed.
class TestWritableFile : public WritableFile {
public:
explicit TestWritableFile(const std::string& fname,
unique_ptr<WritableFile>&& f,
FaultInjectionTestEnv* env);
virtual ~TestWritableFile();
virtual Status Append(const Slice& data) override;
virtual Status Close() override;
virtual Status Flush() override;
virtual Status Sync() override;
private:
FileState state_;
unique_ptr<WritableFile> target_;
bool writable_file_opened_;
FaultInjectionTestEnv* env_;
};
class TestDirectory : public Directory {
public:
explicit TestDirectory(FaultInjectionTestEnv* env, std::string dirname,
Directory* dir)
: env_(env), dirname_(dirname), dir_(dir) {}
~TestDirectory() {}
virtual Status Fsync() override;
private:
FaultInjectionTestEnv* env_;
std::string dirname_;
unique_ptr<Directory> dir_;
};
class FaultInjectionTestEnv : public EnvWrapper {
public:
explicit FaultInjectionTestEnv(Env* base)
: EnvWrapper(base),
filesystem_active_(true) {}
virtual ~FaultInjectionTestEnv() { }
Status NewDirectory(const std::string& name,
unique_ptr<Directory>* result) override {
unique_ptr<Directory> r;
Status s = target()->NewDirectory(name, &r);
EXPECT_OK(s);
if (!s.ok()) {
return s;
}
result->reset(new TestDirectory(this, TrimDirname(name), r.release()));
return Status::OK();
}
Status NewWritableFile(const std::string& fname,
unique_ptr<WritableFile>* result,
const EnvOptions& soptions) override {
Status s = target()->NewWritableFile(fname, result, soptions);
if (s.ok()) {
result->reset(new TestWritableFile(fname, std::move(*result), this));
// WritableFile doesn't append to files, so if the same file is opened
// again then it will be truncated - so forget our saved state.
UntrackFile(fname);
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
open_files_.insert(fname);
auto dir_and_name = GetDirAndName(fname);
auto& list = dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_[dir_and_name.first];
list.insert(dir_and_name.second);
}
return s;
}
virtual Status DeleteFile(const std::string& f) override {
Status s = EnvWrapper::DeleteFile(f);
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot delete file %s: %s\n", f.c_str(),
s.ToString().c_str());
}
EXPECT_OK(s);
if (s.ok()) {
UntrackFile(f);
}
return s;
}
virtual Status RenameFile(const std::string& s,
const std::string& t) override {
Status ret = EnvWrapper::RenameFile(s, t);
if (ret.ok()) {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
if (db_file_state_.find(s) != db_file_state_.end()) {
db_file_state_[t] = db_file_state_[s];
db_file_state_.erase(s);
}
auto sdn = GetDirAndName(s);
auto tdn = GetDirAndName(t);
if (dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_[sdn.first].erase(sdn.second) != 0) {
auto& tlist = dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_[tdn.first];
assert(tlist.find(tdn.second) == tlist.end());
tlist.insert(tdn.second);
}
}
return ret;
}
void WritableFileClosed(const FileState& state) {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
if (open_files_.find(state.filename_) != open_files_.end()) {
db_file_state_[state.filename_] = state;
open_files_.erase(state.filename_);
}
}
// For every file that is not fully synced, make a call to `func` with
// FileState of the file as the parameter.
Status DropFileData(std::function<Status(Env*, FileState)> func) {
Status s;
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
for (std::map<std::string, FileState>::const_iterator it =
db_file_state_.begin();
s.ok() && it != db_file_state_.end(); ++it) {
const FileState& state = it->second;
if (!state.IsFullySynced()) {
s = func(target(), state);
}
}
return s;
}
Status DropUnsyncedFileData() {
return DropFileData([&](Env* env, const FileState& state) {
return state.DropUnsyncedData(env);
});
}
Status DropRandomUnsyncedFileData(Random* rnd) {
return DropFileData([&](Env* env, const FileState& state) {
return state.DropRandomUnsyncedData(env, rnd);
});
}
Status DeleteFilesCreatedAfterLastDirSync() {
// Because DeleteFile access this container make a copy to avoid deadlock
std::map<std::string, std::set<std::string>> map_copy;
{
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
map_copy.insert(dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_.begin(),
dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_.end());
}
for (auto& pair : map_copy) {
for (std::string name : pair.second) {
Status s = DeleteFile(pair.first + "/" + name);
if (!s.ok()) {
return s;
}
}
}
return Status::OK();
}
void ResetState() {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
db_file_state_.clear();
dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_.clear();
SetFilesystemActiveNoLock(true);
}
void UntrackFile(const std::string& f) {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
auto dir_and_name = GetDirAndName(f);
dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_[dir_and_name.first].erase(
dir_and_name.second);
db_file_state_.erase(f);
open_files_.erase(f);
}
void SyncDir(const std::string& dirname) {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_.erase(dirname);
}
// Setting the filesystem to inactive is the test equivalent to simulating a
// system reset. Setting to inactive will freeze our saved filesystem state so
// that it will stop being recorded. It can then be reset back to the state at
// the time of the reset.
bool IsFilesystemActive() {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
return filesystem_active_;
}
void SetFilesystemActiveNoLock(bool active) { filesystem_active_ = active; }
void SetFilesystemActive(bool active) {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
SetFilesystemActiveNoLock(active);
}
void AssertNoOpenFile() { ASSERT_TRUE(open_files_.empty()); }
private:
port::Mutex mutex_;
std::map<std::string, FileState> db_file_state_;
std::set<std::string> open_files_;
std::unordered_map<std::string, std::set<std::string>>
dir_to_new_files_since_last_sync_;
bool filesystem_active_; // Record flushes, syncs, writes
};
Status FileState::DropUnsyncedData(Env* env) const {
ssize_t sync_pos = pos_at_last_sync_ == -1 ? 0 : pos_at_last_sync_;
return Truncate(env, filename_, sync_pos);
}
Status FileState::DropRandomUnsyncedData(Env* env, Random* rand) const {
ssize_t sync_pos = pos_at_last_sync_ == -1 ? 0 : pos_at_last_sync_;
assert(pos_ >= sync_pos);
int range = static_cast<int>(pos_ - sync_pos);
uint64_t truncated_size =
static_cast<uint64_t>(sync_pos) + rand->Uniform(range);
return Truncate(env, filename_, truncated_size);
}
Status TestDirectory::Fsync() {
env_->SyncDir(dirname_);
return dir_->Fsync();
}
TestWritableFile::TestWritableFile(const std::string& fname,
unique_ptr<WritableFile>&& f,
FaultInjectionTestEnv* env)
: state_(fname),
target_(std::move(f)),
writable_file_opened_(true),
env_(env) {
assert(target_ != nullptr);
state_.pos_ = 0;
}
TestWritableFile::~TestWritableFile() {
if (writable_file_opened_) {
Close();
}
}
Status TestWritableFile::Append(const Slice& data) {
Status s = target_->Append(data);
if (s.ok() && env_->IsFilesystemActive()) {
state_.pos_ += data.size();
}
return s;
}
Status TestWritableFile::Close() {
writable_file_opened_ = false;
Status s = target_->Close();
if (s.ok()) {
env_->WritableFileClosed(state_);
}
return s;
}
Status TestWritableFile::Flush() {
Status s = target_->Flush();
if (s.ok() && env_->IsFilesystemActive()) {
state_.pos_at_last_flush_ = state_.pos_;
}
return s;
}
Status TestWritableFile::Sync() {
if (!env_->IsFilesystemActive()) {
return Status::OK();
}
// No need to actual sync.
state_.pos_at_last_sync_ = state_.pos_;
return Status::OK();
}
class FaultInjectionTest : public testing::Test {
protected:
enum OptionConfig {
kDefault,
kDifferentDataDir,
kWalDir,
kSyncWal,
kWalDirSyncWal,
kMultiLevels,
kEnd,
};
int option_config_;
// When need to make sure data is persistent, sync WAL
bool sync_use_wal_;
// When need to make sure data is persistent, call DB::CompactRange()
bool sync_use_compact_;
protected:
public:
enum ExpectedVerifResult { kValExpectFound, kValExpectNoError };
enum ResetMethod {
kResetDropUnsyncedData,
kResetDropRandomUnsyncedData,
kResetDeleteUnsyncedFiles,
kResetDropAndDeleteUnsynced
};
std::unique_ptr<Env> base_env_;
FaultInjectionTestEnv* env_;
std::string dbname_;
shared_ptr<Cache> tiny_cache_;
Options options_;
DB* db_;
FaultInjectionTest()
: option_config_(kDefault),
sync_use_wal_(false),
sync_use_compact_(true),
base_env_(nullptr),
env_(NULL),
db_(NULL) {
}
bool ChangeOptions() {
option_config_++;
if (option_config_ >= kEnd) {
return false;
} else {
if (option_config_ == kMultiLevels) {
base_env_.reset(new MockEnv(Env::Default()));
}
return true;
}
}
// Return the current option configuration.
Options CurrentOptions() {
sync_use_wal_ = false;
sync_use_compact_ = true;
Options options;
switch (option_config_) {
case kWalDir:
options.wal_dir = test::TmpDir(env_) + "/fault_test_wal";
break;
case kDifferentDataDir:
options.db_paths.emplace_back(test::TmpDir(env_) + "/fault_test_data",
1000000U);
break;
case kSyncWal:
sync_use_wal_ = true;
sync_use_compact_ = false;
break;
case kWalDirSyncWal:
options.wal_dir = test::TmpDir(env_) + "/fault_test_wal";
sync_use_wal_ = true;
sync_use_compact_ = false;
break;
case kMultiLevels:
options.write_buffer_size = 64 * 1024;
options.target_file_size_base = 64 * 1024;
options.level0_file_num_compaction_trigger = 2;
options.level0_slowdown_writes_trigger = 2;
options.level0_stop_writes_trigger = 4;
options.max_bytes_for_level_base = 128 * 1024;
options.max_write_buffer_number = 2;
options.max_background_compactions = 8;
options.max_background_flushes = 8;
sync_use_wal_ = true;
sync_use_compact_ = false;
break;
default:
break;
}
return options;
}
Status NewDB() {
assert(db_ == NULL);
assert(tiny_cache_ == nullptr);
assert(env_ == NULL);
env_ =
new FaultInjectionTestEnv(base_env_ ? base_env_.get() : Env::Default());
options_ = CurrentOptions();
options_.env = env_;
options_.paranoid_checks = true;
BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
tiny_cache_ = NewLRUCache(100);
table_options.block_cache = tiny_cache_;
options_.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
dbname_ = test::TmpDir() + "/fault_test";
EXPECT_OK(DestroyDB(dbname_, options_));
options_.create_if_missing = true;
Status s = OpenDB();
options_.create_if_missing = false;
return s;
}
void SetUp() override { ASSERT_OK(NewDB()); }
void TearDown() override {
CloseDB();
Status s = DestroyDB(dbname_, options_);
delete env_;
env_ = NULL;
tiny_cache_.reset();
ASSERT_OK(s);
}
void Build(const WriteOptions& write_options, int start_idx, int num_vals) {
std::string key_space, value_space;
WriteBatch batch;
for (int i = start_idx; i < start_idx + num_vals; i++) {
Slice key = Key(i, &key_space);
batch.Clear();
batch.Put(key, Value(i, &value_space));
ASSERT_OK(db_->Write(write_options, &batch));
}
}
Status ReadValue(int i, std::string* val) const {
std::string key_space, value_space;
Slice key = Key(i, &key_space);
Value(i, &value_space);
ReadOptions options;
return db_->Get(options, key, val);
}
Status Verify(int start_idx, int num_vals,
ExpectedVerifResult expected) const {
std::string val;
std::string value_space;
Status s;
for (int i = start_idx; i < start_idx + num_vals && s.ok(); i++) {
Value(i, &value_space);
s = ReadValue(i, &val);
if (s.ok()) {
EXPECT_EQ(value_space, val);
}
if (expected == kValExpectFound) {
if (!s.ok()) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error when read %dth record (expect found): %s\n", i,
s.ToString().c_str());
return s;
}
} else if (!s.ok() && !s.IsNotFound()) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error when read %dth record: %s\n", i,
s.ToString().c_str());
return s;
}
}
return Status::OK();
}
// Return the ith key
Slice Key(int i, std::string* storage) const {
char buf[100];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%016d", i);
storage->assign(buf, strlen(buf));
return Slice(*storage);
}
// Return the value to associate with the specified key
Slice Value(int k, std::string* storage) const {
Random r(k);
return test::RandomString(&r, kValueSize, storage);
}
Status OpenDB() {
delete db_;
db_ = NULL;
env_->ResetState();
return DB::Open(options_, dbname_, &db_);
}
void CloseDB() {
delete db_;
db_ = NULL;
}
void DeleteAllData() {
Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
WriteOptions options;
for (iter->SeekToFirst(); iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
ASSERT_OK(db_->Delete(WriteOptions(), iter->key()));
}
delete iter;
FlushOptions flush_options;
flush_options.wait = true;
db_->Flush(flush_options);
}
// rnd cannot be null for kResetDropRandomUnsyncedData
void ResetDBState(ResetMethod reset_method, Random* rnd = nullptr) {
env_->AssertNoOpenFile();
switch (reset_method) {
case kResetDropUnsyncedData:
ASSERT_OK(env_->DropUnsyncedFileData());
break;
case kResetDropRandomUnsyncedData:
ASSERT_OK(env_->DropRandomUnsyncedFileData(rnd));
break;
case kResetDeleteUnsyncedFiles:
ASSERT_OK(env_->DeleteFilesCreatedAfterLastDirSync());
break;
case kResetDropAndDeleteUnsynced:
ASSERT_OK(env_->DropUnsyncedFileData());
ASSERT_OK(env_->DeleteFilesCreatedAfterLastDirSync());
break;
default:
assert(false);
}
}
void PartialCompactTestPreFault(int num_pre_sync, int num_post_sync) {
DeleteAllData();
WriteOptions write_options;
write_options.sync = sync_use_wal_;
Build(write_options, 0, num_pre_sync);
if (sync_use_compact_) {
db_->CompactRange(CompactRangeOptions(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
write_options.sync = false;
Build(write_options, num_pre_sync, num_post_sync);
}
void PartialCompactTestReopenWithFault(ResetMethod reset_method,
int num_pre_sync, int num_post_sync,
Random* rnd = nullptr) {
env_->SetFilesystemActive(false);
CloseDB();
ResetDBState(reset_method, rnd);
ASSERT_OK(OpenDB());
ASSERT_OK(Verify(0, num_pre_sync, FaultInjectionTest::kValExpectFound));
ASSERT_OK(Verify(num_pre_sync, num_post_sync,
FaultInjectionTest::kValExpectNoError));
}
void NoWriteTestPreFault() {
}
void NoWriteTestReopenWithFault(ResetMethod reset_method) {
CloseDB();
ResetDBState(reset_method);
ASSERT_OK(OpenDB());
}
};
TEST_F(FaultInjectionTest, FaultTest) {
do {
Random rnd(301);
for (size_t idx = 0; idx < kNumIterations; idx++) {
int num_pre_sync = rnd.Uniform(kMaxNumValues);
int num_post_sync = rnd.Uniform(kMaxNumValues);
PartialCompactTestPreFault(num_pre_sync, num_post_sync);
PartialCompactTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropUnsyncedData, num_pre_sync,
num_post_sync);
NoWriteTestPreFault();
NoWriteTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropUnsyncedData);
PartialCompactTestPreFault(num_pre_sync, num_post_sync);
PartialCompactTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropRandomUnsyncedData,
num_pre_sync, num_post_sync, &rnd);
NoWriteTestPreFault();
NoWriteTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropUnsyncedData);
// Setting a separate data path won't pass the test as we don't sync
// it after creating new files,
PartialCompactTestPreFault(num_pre_sync, num_post_sync);
PartialCompactTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropAndDeleteUnsynced,
num_pre_sync, num_post_sync);
NoWriteTestPreFault();
NoWriteTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropAndDeleteUnsynced);
PartialCompactTestPreFault(num_pre_sync, num_post_sync);
// No new files created so we expect all values since no files will be
// dropped.
PartialCompactTestReopenWithFault(kResetDeleteUnsyncedFiles, num_pre_sync,
num_post_sync);
NoWriteTestPreFault();
NoWriteTestReopenWithFault(kResetDeleteUnsyncedFiles);
}
} while (ChangeOptions());
}
class SleepingBackgroundTask {
public:
SleepingBackgroundTask()
: bg_cv_(&mutex_), should_sleep_(true), done_with_sleep_(false) {}
void DoSleep() {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
while (should_sleep_) {
bg_cv_.Wait();
}
done_with_sleep_ = true;
bg_cv_.SignalAll();
}
void WakeUp() {
MutexLock l(&mutex_);
should_sleep_ = false;
bg_cv_.SignalAll();
while (!done_with_sleep_) {
bg_cv_.Wait();
}
}
static void DoSleepTask(void* arg) {
reinterpret_cast<SleepingBackgroundTask*>(arg)->DoSleep();
}
private:
port::Mutex mutex_;
port::CondVar bg_cv_; // Signalled when background work finishes
bool should_sleep_;
bool done_with_sleep_;
};
// Disable the test because it is not passing.
// Previous log file is not fsynced if sync is forced after log rolling.
// TODO(FB internal task#6730880) Fix the bug
TEST_F(FaultInjectionTest, DISABLED_WriteOptionSyncTest) {
SleepingBackgroundTask sleeping_task_low;
env_->SetBackgroundThreads(1, Env::HIGH);
// Block the job queue to prevent flush job from running.
env_->Schedule(&SleepingBackgroundTask::DoSleepTask, &sleeping_task_low,
Env::Priority::HIGH);
WriteOptions write_options;
write_options.sync = false;
std::string key_space, value_space;
ASSERT_OK(
db_->Put(write_options, Key(1, &key_space), Value(1, &value_space)));
FlushOptions flush_options;
flush_options.wait = false;
ASSERT_OK(db_->Flush(flush_options));
write_options.sync = true;
ASSERT_OK(
db_->Put(write_options, Key(2, &key_space), Value(2, &value_space)));
env_->SetFilesystemActive(false);
NoWriteTestReopenWithFault(kResetDropAndDeleteUnsynced);
sleeping_task_low.WakeUp();
ASSERT_OK(OpenDB());
std::string val;
Value(2, &value_space);
ASSERT_OK(ReadValue(2, &val));
ASSERT_EQ(value_space, val);
Value(1, &value_space);
ASSERT_OK(ReadValue(1, &val));
ASSERT_EQ(value_space, val);
}
} // namespace rocksdb
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}