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rocksdb/test_util/testutil.cc

450 lines
15 KiB

// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
//
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
#include "test_util/testutil.h"
Add an option to put first key of each sst block in the index (#5289) Summary: The first key is used to defer reading the data block until this file gets to the top of merging iterator's heap. For short range scans, most files never make it to the top of the heap, so this change can reduce read amplification by a lot sometimes. Consider the following workload. There are a few data streams (we'll be calling them "logs"), each stream consisting of a sequence of blobs (we'll be calling them "records"). Each record is identified by log ID and a sequence number within the log. RocksDB key is concatenation of log ID and sequence number (big endian). Reads are mostly relatively short range scans, each within a single log. Writes are mostly sequential for each log, but writes to different logs are randomly interleaved. Compactions are disabled; instead, when we accumulate a few tens of sst files, we create a new column family and start writing to it. So, a typical sst file consists of a few ranges of blocks, each range corresponding to one log ID (we use FlushBlockPolicy to cut blocks at log boundaries). A typical read would go like this. First, iterator Seek() reads one block from each sst file. Then a series of Next()s move through one sst file (since writes to each log are mostly sequential) until the subiterator reaches the end of this log in this sst file; then Next() switches to the next sst file and reads sequentially from that, and so on. Often a range scan will only return records from a small number of blocks in small number of sst files; in this case, the cost of initial Seek() reading one block from each file may be bigger than the cost of reading the actually useful blocks. Neither iterate_upper_bound nor bloom filters can prevent reading one block from each file in Seek(). But this PR can: if the index contains first key from each block, we don't have to read the block until this block actually makes it to the top of merging iterator's heap, so for short range scans we won't read any blocks from most of the sst files. This PR does the deferred block loading inside value() call. This is not ideal: there's no good way to report an IO error from inside value(). As discussed with siying offline, it would probably be better to change InternalIterator's interface to explicitly fetch deferred value and get status. I'll do it in a separate PR. Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5289 Differential Revision: D15256423 Pulled By: al13n321 fbshipit-source-id: 750e4c39ce88e8d41662f701cf6275d9388ba46a
5 years ago
#include <array>
#include <cctype>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include "db/memtable_list.h"
#include "port/port.h"
#include "util/file_reader_writer.h"
namespace rocksdb {
namespace test {
const uint32_t kDefaultFormatVersion = BlockBasedTableOptions().format_version;
const uint32_t kLatestFormatVersion = 4u;
Slice RandomString(Random* rnd, int len, std::string* dst) {
dst->resize(len);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
(*dst)[i] = static_cast<char>(' ' + rnd->Uniform(95)); // ' ' .. '~'
}
return Slice(*dst);
}
extern std::string RandomHumanReadableString(Random* rnd, int len) {
std::string ret;
ret.resize(len);
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
ret[i] = static_cast<char>('a' + rnd->Uniform(26));
}
return ret;
}
std::string RandomKey(Random* rnd, int len, RandomKeyType type) {
// Make sure to generate a wide variety of characters so we
// test the boundary conditions for short-key optimizations.
static const char kTestChars[] = {'\0', '\1', 'a', 'b', 'c',
'd', 'e', '\xfd', '\xfe', '\xff'};
std::string result;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
std::size_t indx = 0;
switch (type) {
case RandomKeyType::RANDOM:
indx = rnd->Uniform(sizeof(kTestChars));
break;
case RandomKeyType::LARGEST:
indx = sizeof(kTestChars) - 1;
break;
case RandomKeyType::MIDDLE:
indx = sizeof(kTestChars) / 2;
break;
case RandomKeyType::SMALLEST:
indx = 0;
break;
}
result += kTestChars[indx];
}
return result;
}
extern Slice CompressibleString(Random* rnd, double compressed_fraction,
int len, std::string* dst) {
int raw = static_cast<int>(len * compressed_fraction);
if (raw < 1) raw = 1;
std::string raw_data;
RandomString(rnd, raw, &raw_data);
// Duplicate the random data until we have filled "len" bytes
dst->clear();
while (dst->size() < (unsigned int)len) {
dst->append(raw_data);
}
dst->resize(len);
return Slice(*dst);
}
namespace {
class Uint64ComparatorImpl : public Comparator {
public:
Uint64ComparatorImpl() {}
const char* Name() const override { return "rocksdb.Uint64Comparator"; }
int Compare(const Slice& a, const Slice& b) const override {
assert(a.size() == sizeof(uint64_t) && b.size() == sizeof(uint64_t));
const uint64_t* left = reinterpret_cast<const uint64_t*>(a.data());
const uint64_t* right = reinterpret_cast<const uint64_t*>(b.data());
uint64_t leftValue;
uint64_t rightValue;
GetUnaligned(left, &leftValue);
GetUnaligned(right, &rightValue);
if (leftValue == rightValue) {
return 0;
} else if (leftValue < rightValue) {
return -1;
} else {
return 1;
}
}
void FindShortestSeparator(std::string* /*start*/,
const Slice& /*limit*/) const override {
return;
}
void FindShortSuccessor(std::string* /*key*/) const override { return; }
};
} // namespace
const Comparator* Uint64Comparator() {
static Uint64ComparatorImpl uint64comp;
return &uint64comp;
}
WritableFileWriter* GetWritableFileWriter(WritableFile* wf,
const std::string& fname) {
std::unique_ptr<WritableFile> file(wf);
return new WritableFileWriter(std::move(file), fname, EnvOptions());
}
RandomAccessFileReader* GetRandomAccessFileReader(RandomAccessFile* raf) {
std::unique_ptr<RandomAccessFile> file(raf);
return new RandomAccessFileReader(std::move(file),
"[test RandomAccessFileReader]");
}
SequentialFileReader* GetSequentialFileReader(SequentialFile* se,
const std::string& fname) {
std::unique_ptr<SequentialFile> file(se);
return new SequentialFileReader(std::move(file), fname);
}
void CorruptKeyType(InternalKey* ikey) {
std::string keystr = ikey->Encode().ToString();
keystr[keystr.size() - 8] = kTypeLogData;
ikey->DecodeFrom(Slice(keystr.data(), keystr.size()));
}
Support for SingleDelete() Summary: This patch fixes #7460559. It introduces SingleDelete as a new database operation. This operation can be used to delete keys that were never overwritten (no put following another put of the same key). If an overwritten key is single deleted the behavior is undefined. Single deletion of a non-existent key has no effect but multiple consecutive single deletions are not allowed (see limitations). In contrast to the conventional Delete() operation, the deletion entry is removed along with the value when the two are lined up in a compaction. Note: The semantics are similar to @igor's prototype that allowed to have this behavior on the granularity of a column family ( https://reviews.facebook.net/D42093 ). This new patch, however, is more aggressive when it comes to removing tombstones: It removes the SingleDelete together with the value whenever there is no snapshot between them while the older patch only did this when the sequence number of the deletion was older than the earliest snapshot. Most of the complex additions are in the Compaction Iterator, all other changes should be relatively straightforward. The patch also includes basic support for single deletions in db_stress and db_bench. Limitations: - Not compatible with cuckoo hash tables - Single deletions cannot be used in combination with merges and normal deletions on the same key (other keys are not affected by this) - Consecutive single deletions are currently not allowed (and older version of this patch supported this so it could be resurrected if needed) Test Plan: make all check Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, rven, anthony, yoshinorim, igor Reviewed By: igor Subscribers: maykov, dhruba, leveldb Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D43179
9 years ago
std::string KeyStr(const std::string& user_key, const SequenceNumber& seq,
const ValueType& t, bool corrupt) {
InternalKey k(user_key, seq, t);
if (corrupt) {
CorruptKeyType(&k);
}
return k.Encode().ToString();
}
std::string RandomName(Random* rnd, const size_t len) {
std::stringstream ss;
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
ss << static_cast<char>(rnd->Uniform(26) + 'a');
}
return ss.str();
}
CompressionType RandomCompressionType(Random* rnd) {
auto ret = static_cast<CompressionType>(rnd->Uniform(6));
while (!CompressionTypeSupported(ret)) {
ret = static_cast<CompressionType>((static_cast<int>(ret) + 1) % 6);
}
return ret;
}
void RandomCompressionTypeVector(const size_t count,
std::vector<CompressionType>* types,
Random* rnd) {
types->clear();
for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
types->emplace_back(RandomCompressionType(rnd));
}
}
const SliceTransform* RandomSliceTransform(Random* rnd, int pre_defined) {
int random_num = pre_defined >= 0 ? pre_defined : rnd->Uniform(4);
switch (random_num) {
case 0:
return NewFixedPrefixTransform(rnd->Uniform(20) + 1);
case 1:
return NewCappedPrefixTransform(rnd->Uniform(20) + 1);
case 2:
return NewNoopTransform();
default:
return nullptr;
}
}
BlockBasedTableOptions RandomBlockBasedTableOptions(Random* rnd) {
BlockBasedTableOptions opt;
opt.cache_index_and_filter_blocks = rnd->Uniform(2);
opt.pin_l0_filter_and_index_blocks_in_cache = rnd->Uniform(2);
opt.pin_top_level_index_and_filter = rnd->Uniform(2);
Add an option to put first key of each sst block in the index (#5289) Summary: The first key is used to defer reading the data block until this file gets to the top of merging iterator's heap. For short range scans, most files never make it to the top of the heap, so this change can reduce read amplification by a lot sometimes. Consider the following workload. There are a few data streams (we'll be calling them "logs"), each stream consisting of a sequence of blobs (we'll be calling them "records"). Each record is identified by log ID and a sequence number within the log. RocksDB key is concatenation of log ID and sequence number (big endian). Reads are mostly relatively short range scans, each within a single log. Writes are mostly sequential for each log, but writes to different logs are randomly interleaved. Compactions are disabled; instead, when we accumulate a few tens of sst files, we create a new column family and start writing to it. So, a typical sst file consists of a few ranges of blocks, each range corresponding to one log ID (we use FlushBlockPolicy to cut blocks at log boundaries). A typical read would go like this. First, iterator Seek() reads one block from each sst file. Then a series of Next()s move through one sst file (since writes to each log are mostly sequential) until the subiterator reaches the end of this log in this sst file; then Next() switches to the next sst file and reads sequentially from that, and so on. Often a range scan will only return records from a small number of blocks in small number of sst files; in this case, the cost of initial Seek() reading one block from each file may be bigger than the cost of reading the actually useful blocks. Neither iterate_upper_bound nor bloom filters can prevent reading one block from each file in Seek(). But this PR can: if the index contains first key from each block, we don't have to read the block until this block actually makes it to the top of merging iterator's heap, so for short range scans we won't read any blocks from most of the sst files. This PR does the deferred block loading inside value() call. This is not ideal: there's no good way to report an IO error from inside value(). As discussed with siying offline, it would probably be better to change InternalIterator's interface to explicitly fetch deferred value and get status. I'll do it in a separate PR. Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5289 Differential Revision: D15256423 Pulled By: al13n321 fbshipit-source-id: 750e4c39ce88e8d41662f701cf6275d9388ba46a
5 years ago
using IndexType = BlockBasedTableOptions::IndexType;
const std::array<IndexType, 4> index_types = {
{IndexType::kBinarySearch, IndexType::kHashSearch,
IndexType::kTwoLevelIndexSearch, IndexType::kBinarySearchWithFirstKey}};
opt.index_type =
index_types[rnd->Uniform(static_cast<int>(index_types.size()))];
opt.hash_index_allow_collision = rnd->Uniform(2);
opt.checksum = static_cast<ChecksumType>(rnd->Uniform(3));
opt.block_size = rnd->Uniform(10000000);
opt.block_size_deviation = rnd->Uniform(100);
opt.block_restart_interval = rnd->Uniform(100);
opt.index_block_restart_interval = rnd->Uniform(100);
opt.whole_key_filtering = rnd->Uniform(2);
return opt;
}
TableFactory* RandomTableFactory(Random* rnd, int pre_defined) {
#ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
int random_num = pre_defined >= 0 ? pre_defined : rnd->Uniform(4);
switch (random_num) {
case 0:
return NewPlainTableFactory();
case 1:
return NewCuckooTableFactory();
default:
return NewBlockBasedTableFactory();
}
#else
(void)rnd;
(void)pre_defined;
return NewBlockBasedTableFactory();
#endif // !ROCKSDB_LITE
}
MergeOperator* RandomMergeOperator(Random* rnd) {
return new ChanglingMergeOperator(RandomName(rnd, 10));
}
CompactionFilter* RandomCompactionFilter(Random* rnd) {
return new ChanglingCompactionFilter(RandomName(rnd, 10));
}
CompactionFilterFactory* RandomCompactionFilterFactory(Random* rnd) {
return new ChanglingCompactionFilterFactory(RandomName(rnd, 10));
}
void RandomInitDBOptions(DBOptions* db_opt, Random* rnd) {
// boolean options
db_opt->advise_random_on_open = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->allow_mmap_reads = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->allow_mmap_writes = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->use_direct_reads = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->use_direct_io_for_flush_and_compaction = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->create_if_missing = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->create_missing_column_families = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->enable_thread_tracking = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->error_if_exists = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->is_fd_close_on_exec = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->paranoid_checks = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->skip_log_error_on_recovery = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->skip_stats_update_on_db_open = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->use_adaptive_mutex = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->use_fsync = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->recycle_log_file_num = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->avoid_flush_during_recovery = rnd->Uniform(2);
db_opt->avoid_flush_during_shutdown = rnd->Uniform(2);
// int options
db_opt->max_background_compactions = rnd->Uniform(100);
db_opt->max_background_flushes = rnd->Uniform(100);
db_opt->max_file_opening_threads = rnd->Uniform(100);
db_opt->max_open_files = rnd->Uniform(100);
db_opt->table_cache_numshardbits = rnd->Uniform(100);
// size_t options
db_opt->db_write_buffer_size = rnd->Uniform(10000);
db_opt->keep_log_file_num = rnd->Uniform(10000);
db_opt->log_file_time_to_roll = rnd->Uniform(10000);
db_opt->manifest_preallocation_size = rnd->Uniform(10000);
db_opt->max_log_file_size = rnd->Uniform(10000);
// std::string options
db_opt->db_log_dir = "path/to/db_log_dir";
db_opt->wal_dir = "path/to/wal_dir";
// uint32_t options
db_opt->max_subcompactions = rnd->Uniform(100000);
// uint64_t options
static const uint64_t uint_max = static_cast<uint64_t>(UINT_MAX);
db_opt->WAL_size_limit_MB = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->WAL_ttl_seconds = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->bytes_per_sync = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->delayed_write_rate = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->delete_obsolete_files_period_micros = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->max_manifest_file_size = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->max_total_wal_size = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
db_opt->wal_bytes_per_sync = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(100000);
// unsigned int options
db_opt->stats_dump_period_sec = rnd->Uniform(100000);
}
void RandomInitCFOptions(ColumnFamilyOptions* cf_opt, DBOptions& db_options,
Random* rnd) {
cf_opt->compaction_style = (CompactionStyle)(rnd->Uniform(4));
// boolean options
cf_opt->report_bg_io_stats = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->disable_auto_compactions = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->inplace_update_support = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->level_compaction_dynamic_level_bytes = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->optimize_filters_for_hits = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->paranoid_file_checks = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->purge_redundant_kvs_while_flush = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->force_consistency_checks = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->compaction_options_fifo.allow_compaction = rnd->Uniform(2);
cf_opt->memtable_whole_key_filtering = rnd->Uniform(2);
// double options
cf_opt->hard_rate_limit = static_cast<double>(rnd->Uniform(10000)) / 13;
cf_opt->soft_rate_limit = static_cast<double>(rnd->Uniform(10000)) / 13;
cf_opt->memtable_prefix_bloom_size_ratio =
static_cast<double>(rnd->Uniform(10000)) / 20000.0;
// int options
cf_opt->level0_file_num_compaction_trigger = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->level0_slowdown_writes_trigger = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->level0_stop_writes_trigger = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->max_bytes_for_level_multiplier = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->max_mem_compaction_level = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->max_write_buffer_number = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->max_write_buffer_number_to_maintain = rnd->Uniform(100);
Refactor trimming logic for immutable memtables (#5022) Summary: MyRocks currently sets `max_write_buffer_number_to_maintain` in order to maintain enough history for transaction conflict checking. The effectiveness of this approach depends on the size of memtables. When memtables are small, it may not keep enough history; when memtables are large, this may consume too much memory. We are proposing a new way to configure memtable list history: by limiting the memory usage of immutable memtables. The new option is `max_write_buffer_size_to_maintain` and it will take precedence over the old `max_write_buffer_number_to_maintain` if they are both set to non-zero values. The new option accounts for the total memory usage of flushed immutable memtables and mutable memtable. When the total usage exceeds the limit, RocksDB may start dropping immutable memtables (which is also called trimming history), starting from the oldest one. The semantics of the old option actually works both as an upper bound and lower bound. History trimming will start if number of immutable memtables exceeds the limit, but it will never go below (limit-1) due to history trimming. In order the mimic the behavior with the new option, history trimming will stop if dropping the next immutable memtable causes the total memory usage go below the size limit. For example, assuming the size limit is set to 64MB, and there are 3 immutable memtables with sizes of 20, 30, 30. Although the total memory usage is 80MB > 64MB, dropping the oldest memtable will reduce the memory usage to 60MB < 64MB, so in this case no memtable will be dropped. Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5022 Differential Revision: D14394062 Pulled By: miasantreble fbshipit-source-id: 60457a509c6af89d0993f988c9b5c2aa9e45f5c5
5 years ago
cf_opt->max_write_buffer_size_to_maintain = rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->min_write_buffer_number_to_merge = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->num_levels = rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->target_file_size_multiplier = rnd->Uniform(100);
// vector int options
cf_opt->max_bytes_for_level_multiplier_additional.resize(cf_opt->num_levels);
for (int i = 0; i < cf_opt->num_levels; i++) {
cf_opt->max_bytes_for_level_multiplier_additional[i] = rnd->Uniform(100);
}
// size_t options
cf_opt->arena_block_size = rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->inplace_update_num_locks = rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->max_successive_merges = rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->memtable_huge_page_size = rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->write_buffer_size = rnd->Uniform(10000);
// uint32_t options
cf_opt->bloom_locality = rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->max_bytes_for_level_base = rnd->Uniform(10000);
// uint64_t options
static const uint64_t uint_max = static_cast<uint64_t>(UINT_MAX);
cf_opt->ttl =
db_options.max_open_files == -1 ? uint_max + rnd->Uniform(10000) : 0;
cf_opt->periodic_compaction_seconds =
db_options.max_open_files == -1 ? uint_max + rnd->Uniform(10000) : 0;
cf_opt->max_sequential_skip_in_iterations = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->target_file_size_base = uint_max + rnd->Uniform(10000);
cf_opt->max_compaction_bytes =
cf_opt->target_file_size_base * rnd->Uniform(100);
cf_opt->compaction_options_fifo.max_table_files_size =
uint_max + rnd->Uniform(10000);
// unsigned int options
cf_opt->rate_limit_delay_max_milliseconds = rnd->Uniform(10000);
// pointer typed options
cf_opt->prefix_extractor.reset(RandomSliceTransform(rnd));
cf_opt->table_factory.reset(RandomTableFactory(rnd));
cf_opt->merge_operator.reset(RandomMergeOperator(rnd));
if (cf_opt->compaction_filter) {
delete cf_opt->compaction_filter;
}
cf_opt->compaction_filter = RandomCompactionFilter(rnd);
cf_opt->compaction_filter_factory.reset(RandomCompactionFilterFactory(rnd));
// custom typed options
cf_opt->compression = RandomCompressionType(rnd);
RandomCompressionTypeVector(cf_opt->num_levels,
&cf_opt->compression_per_level, rnd);
}
Status DestroyDir(Env* env, const std::string& dir) {
Status s;
if (env->FileExists(dir).IsNotFound()) {
return s;
}
std::vector<std::string> files_in_dir;
s = env->GetChildren(dir, &files_in_dir);
if (s.ok()) {
for (auto& file_in_dir : files_in_dir) {
if (file_in_dir == "." || file_in_dir == "..") {
continue;
}
s = env->DeleteFile(dir + "/" + file_in_dir);
if (!s.ok()) {
break;
}
}
}
if (s.ok()) {
s = env->DeleteDir(dir);
}
return s;
}
bool IsDirectIOSupported(Env* env, const std::string& dir) {
EnvOptions env_options;
env_options.use_mmap_writes = false;
env_options.use_direct_writes = true;
std::string tmp = TempFileName(dir, 999);
Status s;
{
std::unique_ptr<WritableFile> file;
s = env->NewWritableFile(tmp, &file, env_options);
}
if (s.ok()) {
s = env->DeleteFile(tmp);
}
return s.ok();
}
size_t GetLinesCount(const std::string& fname, const std::string& pattern) {
std::stringstream ssbuf;
std::string line;
size_t count = 0;
std::ifstream inFile(fname.c_str());
ssbuf << inFile.rdbuf();
while (getline(ssbuf, line)) {
if (line.find(pattern) != std::string::npos) {
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
} // namespace test
} // namespace rocksdb