Summary:
For upcoming new SST filter implementations, we will use a new
64-bit hash function (XXH3 preview, slightly modified). This change
updates hash.{h,cc} for that change, adds unit tests, and out-of-lines
the implementations to keep hash.h as clean/small as possible.
In developing the unit tests, I discovered that the XXH3 preview always
returns zero for the empty string. Zero is problematic for some
algorithms (including an upcoming SST filter implementation) if it
occurs more often than at the "natural" rate, so it should not be
returned from trivial values using trivial seeds. I modified our fork
of XXH3 to return a modest hash of the seed for the empty string.
With hash function details out-of-lines in hash.h, it makes sense to
enable XXH_INLINE_ALL, so that direct calls to XXH64/XXH32/XXH3p
are inlined. To fix array-bounds warnings on some inline calls, I
injected some casts to uintptr_t in xxhash.cc. (Issue reported to Yann.)
Revised: Reverted using XXH_INLINE_ALL for now. Some Facebook
checks are unhappy about #include on xxhash.cc file. I would
fix that by rename to xxhash_cc.h, but to best preserve history I want
to do that in a separate commit (PR) from the uintptr casts.
Also updated filter_bench for this change, improving the performance
predictability of dry run hashing and adding support for 64-bit hash
(for upcoming new SST filter implementations, minor dead code in the
tool for now).
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5984
Differential Revision: D18246567
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: 6162fbf6381d63c8cc611dd7ec70e1ddc883fbb8
Summary:
- Updated our included xxhash implementation to version 0.7.2 (== the latest dev version as of 2019-10-09).
- Using XXH_NAMESPACE (like other fb projects) to avoid potential name collisions.
- Added fastrange64, and unit tests for it and fastrange32. These are faster alternatives to hash % range.
- Use preview version of XXH3 instead of MurmurHash64A for NPHash64
-- Had to update cache_test to increase probability of passing for any given hash function.
- Use fastrange64 instead of % with uses of NPHash64
-- Had to fix WritePreparedTransactionTest.CommitOfDelayedPrepared to avoid deadlock apparently caused by new hash collision.
- Set default seed for NPHash64 because specifying a seed rarely makes sense for it.
- Removed unnecessary include xxhash.h in a popular .h file
- Rename preview version of XXH3 to XXH3p for clarity and to ease backward compatibility in case final version of XXH3 is integrated.
Relying on existing unit tests for NPHash64-related changes. Each new implementation of fastrange64 passed unit tests when manipulating my local build to select it. I haven't done any integration performance tests, but I consider the improved performance of the pieces being swapped in to be well established.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5909
Differential Revision: D18125196
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: f6bf83d49d20cbb2549926adf454fd035f0ecc0d
Summary:
Since DynamicBloom is now only used in-memory, we're free to
change it without schema compatibility issues. The new implementation
is drawn from (with manifest permission)
303542a767/bloom_simulation_tests/foo.cc (L613)
This has several speed advantages over the prior implementation:
* Uses fastrange instead of %
* Minimum logic to determine first (and all) probed memory addresses
* (Major) Two probes per 64-bit memory fetch/write.
* Very fast and effective (murmur-like) hash expansion/re-mixing. (At
least on recent CPUs, integer multiplication is very cheap.)
While a Bloom filter with 512-bit cache locality has about a 1.15x FP
rate penalty (e.g. 0.84% to 0.97%), further restricting to two probes
per 64 bits incurs an additional 1.12x FP rate penalty (e.g. 0.97% to
1.09%). Nevertheless, the unit tests show no "mediocre" FP rate samples,
unlike the old implementation with more erratic FP rates.
Especially for the memtable, we expect speed to outweigh somewhat higher
FP rates. For example, a negative table query would have to be 1000x
slower than a BF query to justify doubling BF query time to shave 10% off
FP rate (working assumption around 1% FP rate). While that seems likely
for SSTs, my data suggests a speed factor of roughly 50x for the memtable
(vs. BF; ~1.5% lower write throughput when enabling memtable Bloom
filter, after this change). Thus, it's probably not worth even 5% more
time in the Bloom filter to shave off 1/10th of the Bloom FP rate, or 0.1%
in absolute terms, and it's probably at least 20% slower to recoup that
much FP rate from this new implementation. Because of this, we do not see
a need for a 'locality' option that affects the MemTable Bloom filter
and have decoupled the MemTable Bloom filter from Options::bloom_locality.
Note that just 3% more memory to the Bloom filter (10.3 bits per key vs.
just 10) is able to make up for the ~12% FP rate drop in the new
implementation:
[] # Nearly "ideal" FP-wise but reasonably fast cache-local implementation
[~/wormhashing/bloom_simulation_tests] ./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_WORM64_FROM32_any.out 10000000 6 10 $RANDOM 100000000
./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_WORM64_FROM32_any.out time: 3.29372 sampled_fp_rate: 0.00985956 ...
[] # Close match to this new implementation
[~/wormhashing/bloom_simulation_tests] ./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_MUL64_BLOCK_FROM32_any.out 10000000 6 10.3 $RANDOM 100000000
./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_MUL64_BLOCK_FROM32_any.out time: 2.10072 sampled_fp_rate: 0.00985655 ...
[] # Old locality=1 implementation
[~/wormhashing/bloom_simulation_tests] ./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_ROCKSDB_DYNAMIC_any.out 10000000 6 10 $RANDOM 100000000
./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_ROCKSDB_DYNAMIC_any.out time: 3.95472 sampled_fp_rate: 0.00988943 ...
Also note the dramatic speed improvement vs. alternatives.
--
Performance unit test: DynamicBloomTest.concurrent_with_perf is updated
to report more precise timing data. (Measure running time of each
thread, not just longest running thread, etc.) Results averaged over
various sizes enabled with --enable_perf and 20 runs each; old dynamic
bloom refers to locality=1, the faster of the old:
old dynamic bloom, avg add latency = 65.6468
new dynamic bloom, avg add latency = 44.3809
old dynamic bloom, avg query latency = 50.6485
new dynamic bloom, avg query latency = 43.2186
old avg parallel add latency = 41.678
new avg parallel add latency = 24.5238
old avg parallel hit latency = 14.6322
new avg parallel hit latency = 12.3939
old avg parallel miss latency = 16.7289
new avg parallel miss latency = 12.2134
Tested on a dedicated 64-bit production machine at Facebook. Significant
improvement all around.
Despite now using std::atomic<uint64_t>, quick before-and-after test on
a 32-bit machine (Intel Atom N270, released 2008) shows no regression in
performance, in some cases modest improvement.
--
Performance integration test (synthetic): with DEBUG_LEVEL=0, used
TEST_TMPDIR=/dev/shm ./db_bench --benchmarks=fillrandom,readmissing,readrandom,stats --num=2000000
and optionally with -memtable_whole_key_filtering -memtable_bloom_size_ratio=0.01
300 runs each configuration.
Write throughput change by enabling memtable bloom:
Old locality=0: -3.06%
Old locality=1: -2.37%
New: -1.50%
conclusion -> seems to substantially close the gap
Readmissing throughput change by enabling memtable bloom:
Old locality=0: +34.47%
Old locality=1: +34.80%
New: +33.25%
conclusion -> maybe a small new penalty from FP rate
Readrandom throughput change by enabling memtable bloom:
Old locality=0: +31.54%
Old locality=1: +31.13%
New: +30.60%
conclusion -> maybe also from FP rate (after memtable flush)
--
Another conclusion we can draw from this new implementation is that the
existing 32-bit hash function is not inherently crippling the Bloom
filter speed or accuracy, below about 5 million keys. For speed, the
implementation is essentially the same whether starting with 32-bits or
64-bits of hash; it just determines whether the first multiplication
after fastrange is a pseudorandom expansion or needed re-mix. Note that
this multiplication can occur while memory is fetching.
For accuracy, in a standard configuration, you need about 5 million
keys before you have about a 1.1x FP penalty due to using a
32-bit hash vs. 64-bit:
[~/wormhashing/bloom_simulation_tests] ./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_MUL64_BLOCK_FROM32_any.out $((5 * 1000 * 1000 * 10)) 6 10 $RANDOM 100000000
./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_MUL64_BLOCK_FROM32_any.out time: 2.52069 sampled_fp_rate: 0.0118267 ...
[~/wormhashing/bloom_simulation_tests] ./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_MUL64_BLOCK_any.out $((5 * 1000 * 1000 * 10)) 6 10 $RANDOM 100000000
./foo_gcc_IMPL_CACHE_MUL64_BLOCK_any.out time: 2.43871 sampled_fp_rate: 0.0109059
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5762
Differential Revision: D17214194
Pulled By: pdillinger
fbshipit-source-id: ad9da031772e985fd6b62a0e1db8e81892520595
Summary:
Create new function NPHash64() and GetSliceNPHash64(), which are currently
implemented using murmurhash.
Replace the current direct call of murmurhash() to use the new functions
if the hash results are not used in on-disk format.
This will make it easier to try out or switch to alternative functions
in the uses where data format compatibility doesn't need to be considered.
This part shouldn't have any performance impact.
Also, the sharded cache hash function is changed to the new format, because
it falls into this categoery. It doesn't show visible performance impact
in db_bench results. CPU showed by perf is increased from about 0.2% to 0.4%
in an extreme benchmark setting (4KB blocks, no-compression, everything
cached in block cache). We've known that the current hash function used,
our own Hash() has serious hash quality problem. It can generate a lots of
conflicts with similar input. In this use case, it means extra lock contention
for reads from the same file. This slight CPU regression is worthy to me
to counter the potential bad performance with hot keys. And hopefully this
will get further improved in the future with a better hash function.
cache_test's condition is relaxed a little bit to. The new hash is slightly
more skewed in this use case, but I manually checked the data and see
the hash results are still in a reasonable range.
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5155
Differential Revision: D14834821
Pulled By: siying
fbshipit-source-id: ec9a2c0a2f8ae4b54d08b13a5c2e9cc97aa80cb5
Summary:
Currently our skip-list have an optimization to speedup sequential
inserts from a single stream, by remembering the last insert position.
We extend the idea to support sequential inserts from multiple streams,
and even tolerate small reordering wihtin each stream.
This PR is the interface part adding the following:
- Add `memtable_insert_prefix_extractor` to allow specifying prefix for each key.
- Add `InsertWithHint()` interface to memtable, to allow underlying
implementation to return a hint of insert position, which can be later
pass back to optimize inserts.
- Memtable will maintain a map from prefix to hints and pass the hint
via `InsertWithHint()` if `memtable_insert_prefix_extractor` is non-null.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1419
Differential Revision: D4079367
Pulled By: yiwu-arbug
fbshipit-source-id: 3555326
Summary: Refactor cache.cc so that I can plugin clock cache (D55581). Mainly move `ShardedCache` to separate file, move `LRUHandle` back to cache.cc and rename it lru_cache.cc.
Test Plan:
make check -j64
Reviewers: lightmark, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D59655
Summary:
Add GetThreadList API, which allows developer to track the
status of each process. Currently, calling GetThreadList will
only get the list of background threads in RocksDB with their
thread-id and thread-type (priority) set. Will add more support
on this in the later diffs.
ThreadStatus currently has the following properties:
// An unique ID for the thread.
const uint64_t thread_id;
// The type of the thread, it could be ROCKSDB_HIGH_PRIORITY,
// ROCKSDB_LOW_PRIORITY, and USER_THREAD
const ThreadType thread_type;
// The name of the DB instance where the thread is currently
// involved with. It would be set to empty string if the thread
// does not involve in any DB operation.
const std::string db_name;
// The name of the column family where the thread is currently
// It would be set to empty string if the thread does not involve
// in any column family.
const std::string cf_name;
// The event that the current thread is involved.
// It would be set to empty string if the information about event
// is not currently available.
Test Plan:
./thread_list_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=GetThreadList
./db_test
Reviewers: rven, igor, sdong, ljin
Reviewed By: ljin
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D25047
* Script for building the unity.cc file via Makefile
* Unity executable Makefile target for testing builds
* Source code changes to fix compilation of unity build
Summary:
Adding option to save PlainTable index and bloom filter in SST file.
If there is no bloom block and/or index block, PlainTableReader builds
new ones. Otherwise PlainTableReader just use these blocks.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19527
Summary:
Change namespace from leveldb to rocksdb. This allows a single
application to link in open-source leveldb code as well as
rocksdb code into the same process.
Test Plan: compile rocksdb
Reviewers: emayanke
Reviewed By: emayanke
CC: leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D13287
Peter Dillinger