Summary:
In one deployment we saw high latencies (presumably from slow iterator operations) and a lot of CPU time reported by perf with this stack:
```
rocksdb::MergingIterator::Next
rocksdb::DBIter::FindNextUserEntryInternal
rocksdb::DBIter::Seek
```
I think what's happening is:
1. we create a snapshot iterator,
2. we do lots of Put()s for the same key x; this creates lots of entries in memtable,
3. we seek the iterator to a key slightly smaller than x,
4. the seek walks over lots of entries in memtable for key x, skipping them because of high sequence numbers.
CC IslamAbdelRahman
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1413
Differential Revision: D4083879
Pulled By: IslamAbdelRahman
fbshipit-source-id: a83ddae
Summary:
- Made RangeDelAggregator's InternalKeyComparator member a reference-to-const so we don't need to copy-construct it. Also added InternalKeyComparator to ImmutableCFOptions so we don't need to construct one for each DBIter.
- Made MemTable::NewRangeTombstoneIterator and the table readers' NewRangeTombstoneIterator() functions return nullptr instead of NewEmptyInternalIterator to avoid the allocation. Updated callers accordingly.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1548
Differential Revision: D4208169
Pulled By: ajkr
fbshipit-source-id: 2fd65cf
Summary:
Since a RangeDelAggregator is created for each read request, these heap-allocating member variables were consuming significant CPU (~3% total) which slowed down request throughput. The map and pinning manager are only necessary when range deletions exist, so we can defer their initialization until the first range deletion is encountered. Currently lazy initialization is done for reads only since reads pass us a single snapshot, which is easier to store on the stack for later insertion into the map than the vector passed to us by flush or compaction.
Note the Arena member variable is still expensive, I will figure out what to do with it in a subsequent diff. It cannot be lazily initialized because we currently use this arena even to allocate empty iterators, which is necessary even when no range deletions exist.
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1539
Differential Revision: D4203488
Pulled By: ajkr
fbshipit-source-id: 3b36279
Summary:
Note: reviewed in https://reviews.facebook.net/D65115
- DBIter maintains a range tombstone accumulator. We don't cleanup obsolete tombstones yet, so if the user seeks back and forth, the same tombstones would be added to the accumulator multiple times.
- DBImpl::NewInternalIterator() (used to make DBIter's underlying iterator) adds memtable/L0 range tombstones, L1+ range tombstones are added on-demand during NewSecondaryIterator() (see D62205)
- DBIter uses ShouldDelete() when advancing to check whether keys are covered by range tombstones
Closes https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/1464
Differential Revision: D4131753
Pulled By: ajkr
fbshipit-source-id: be86559
Summary: in rocksdb::DBIter::FindValueForCurrentKey(), last_not_merge_type could also be SingleDelete() which is omitted
Test Plan: db_iter_test
Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D65187
Summary:
1) The previous solution for Prev() prefix support is not clean.
Since I add api SeekForPrev(), now the Prev() can be symmetric to Next().
and we do not need SeekToLast() to be called in Prev() any more.
Also, Next() will Seek(prefix_seek_key_) to solve the problem of possible inconsistency between db_iter and merge_iter when
there is merge_operator. And prefix_seek_key is only refreshed when change direction to forward.
2) This diff also solves the bug of Iterator::SeekToLast() with iterate_upper_bound_ with prefix extractor.
add test cases for the above two cases.
There are some tests for the SeekToLast() in Prev(), I will clean them later.
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, andrewkr, yiwu, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D63933
Summary:
Add new Iterator API, `SeekForPrev`: find the last key that <= target key
support prefix_extractor
support prefix_same_as_start
support upper_bound
not supported in iterators without Prev()
Also add tests in db_iter_test and db_iterator_test
Pass all tests
Cheers!
Test Plan: make all check -j64
Reviewers: andrewkr, yiwu, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D64149
Summary: As title, make sure Prev() works as expected with Next() when the current iter->key() in the range of the same prefix in prefix seek mode
Test Plan: make all check -j64 (add prefix_test with PrefixSeekModePrev test case)
Reviewers: andrewkr, sdong, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: yoshinorim, andrewkr, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D61419
Summary:
This diff include these simple change
- Rename ReleasePinnedIterators to ReleasePinnedData
- Rename PinIteratorIfNeeded to PinIterator
- Use std::vector directly in PinnedIteratorsManager instead of std::unique_ptr<std::vector>
- Generalize PinnedIteratorsManager by adding PinPtr which can pin any pointer
Test Plan: existing tests
Reviewers: sdong, yiwu, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D61305
Summary:
We have alot of code duplication whenever we call FullMerge we keep duplicating the instrumentation and statistics code
This is a simple diff to refactor the code to use TimedFullMerge instead of FullMerge
Test Plan: COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 make check -j64
Reviewers: andrewkr, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D59577
Summary: We should not use IterKey::SetKey with copy = false except if we are pinning the iterator thru it's life time, otherwise we may release the temporarily pinned blocks and in this case the IterKey will be pointing to freed memory
Test Plan: added a new test
Reviewers: sdong, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D57561
Summary:
While trying to reuse PinData() / ReleasePinnedData() .. to optimize away some memcpys I realized that there is a significant overhead for using PinData() / ReleasePinnedData if they were called many times.
This diff refactor the pinning logic by introducing PinnedIteratorsManager a centralized component that will be created once and will be notified whenever we need to Pin an Iterator. This implementation have much less overhead than the original implementation
Test Plan:
make check -j64
COMPILE_WITH_ASAN=1 make check -j64
Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: andrewkr, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D56493
Summary: I realized I again is wrong about the naming convention. Let me change it to the correct one.
Test Plan: Run unit tests.
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, kradhakrishnan, yhchiang, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D55041
Summary: We want to provide a way to detect whether an iterator is stale and needs to be recreated. Add a iterator property to return version number.
Test Plan: Add two unit tests for it.
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, yhchiang, anthony, kradhakrishnan, andrewkr
Reviewed By: andrewkr
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D54921
Summary:
Add Iterator::GetProperty(), a way for users to communicate with iterator, and turn Iterator::IsKeyPinned() with it.
As a follow-up, I'll ask a property as the version number attached to the iterator
Test Plan: Rerun existing tests and add a negative test case.
Reviewers: yhchiang, andrewkr, kradhakrishnan, anthony, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D54783
Summary:
This patch update the Iterator API to introduce new functions that allow users to keep the Slices returned by key() valid as long as the Iterator is not deleted
ReadOptions::pin_data : If true keep loaded blocks in memory as long as the iterator is not deleted
Iterator::IsKeyPinned() : If true, this mean that the Slice returned by key() is valid as long as the iterator is not deleted
Also add a new option BlockBasedTableOptions::use_delta_encoding to allow users to disable delta_encoding if needed.
Benchmark results (using https://phabricator.fb.com/P20083553)
```
// $ du -h /home/tec/local/normal.4K.Snappy/db10077
// 6.1G /home/tec/local/normal.4K.Snappy/db10077
// $ du -h /home/tec/local/zero.8K.LZ4/db10077
// 6.4G /home/tec/local/zero.8K.LZ4/db10077
// Benchmarks for shard db10077
// _build/opt/rocks/benchmark/rocks_copy_benchmark \
// --normal_db_path="/home/tec/local/normal.4K.Snappy/db10077" \
// --zero_db_path="/home/tec/local/zero.8K.LZ4/db10077"
// First run
// ============================================================================
// rocks/benchmark/RocksCopyBenchmark.cpp relative time/iter iters/s
// ============================================================================
// BM_StringCopy 1.73s 576.97m
// BM_StringPiece 103.74% 1.67s 598.55m
// ============================================================================
// Match rate : 1000000 / 1000000
// Second run
// ============================================================================
// rocks/benchmark/RocksCopyBenchmark.cpp relative time/iter iters/s
// ============================================================================
// BM_StringCopy 611.99ms 1.63
// BM_StringPiece 203.76% 300.35ms 3.33
// ============================================================================
// Match rate : 1000000 / 1000000
```
Test Plan: Unit tests
Reviewers: sdong, igor, anthony, yhchiang, rven
Reviewed By: rven
Subscribers: dhruba, lovro, adsharma
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D48999
Summary: With recent commit 33e0c93826, db iterator skips perf context counter internal_key_skipped_count when blindly issuing internal Next(). Now increment the counter by one when issuing this Next()
Test Plan: Run all existing tests
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, kradhakrishnan, igor, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: yoshinorim, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D51465
Summary: Now DBIter::Next() always compares with current key with itself first, which is unnecessary if the last key is not a merge key. I made the change and didn't see db_iter_test fails. Want to hear whether people have any idea what I miss.
Test Plan: Run all unit tests
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D48279
Summary: Use IterKey to store prefix_start_ so that it doesn't get freed
Test Plan: PrefixTest.PrefixValid
Reviewers: anthony, IslamAbdelRahman
Reviewed By: IslamAbdelRahman
Subscribers: dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D50289
Summary:
MyRocks testing found an issue that while iterating over keys
that are outside the prefix, sometimes wrong results were seen for keys
outside the prefix. We now tighten the range of keys seen with a new
read option called prefix_seen_at_start. This remembers the starting
prefix and then compares it on a Next for equality of prefix. If they
are from a different prefix, it sets valid to false.
Test Plan: PrefixTest.PrefixValid
Reviewers: IslamAbdelRahman, sdong, yhchiang, anthony
Reviewed By: anthony
Subscribers: spetrunia, hermanlee4, yoshinorim, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D50211
Summary:
Separate a new class InternalIterator from class Iterator, when the look-up is done internally, which also means they operate on key with sequence ID and type.
This change will enable potential future optimizations but for now InternalIterator's functions are still the same as Iterator's.
At the same time, separate the cleanup function to a separate class and let both of InternalIterator and Iterator inherit from it.
Test Plan: Run all existing tests.
Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, anthony, kradhakrishnan, IslamAbdelRahman, rven
Reviewed By: rven
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D48549
Summary:
This patch fixes#7460559. It introduces SingleDelete as a new database
operation. This operation can be used to delete keys that were never
overwritten (no put following another put of the same key). If an overwritten
key is single deleted the behavior is undefined. Single deletion of a
non-existent key has no effect but multiple consecutive single deletions are
not allowed (see limitations).
In contrast to the conventional Delete() operation, the deletion entry is
removed along with the value when the two are lined up in a compaction. Note:
The semantics are similar to @igor's prototype that allowed to have this
behavior on the granularity of a column family (
https://reviews.facebook.net/D42093 ). This new patch, however, is more
aggressive when it comes to removing tombstones: It removes the SingleDelete
together with the value whenever there is no snapshot between them while the
older patch only did this when the sequence number of the deletion was older
than the earliest snapshot.
Most of the complex additions are in the Compaction Iterator, all other changes
should be relatively straightforward. The patch also includes basic support for
single deletions in db_stress and db_bench.
Limitations:
- Not compatible with cuckoo hash tables
- Single deletions cannot be used in combination with merges and normal
deletions on the same key (other keys are not affected by this)
- Consecutive single deletions are currently not allowed (and older version of
this patch supported this so it could be resurrected if needed)
Test Plan: make all check
Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, rven, anthony, yoshinorim, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: maykov, dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D43179
Summary:
There are currently no statistics on seeks, only on gets. This adds the following counters:
rocksdb.number.db.seek
rocksdb.number.db.next
rocksdb.number.db.prev
(number of calls)
rocksdb.db.iterate.bytes.read
(number of bytes read from key + value using seek/next/prev)
rocksdb.number.keys.seek.found
rocksdb.number.keys.next.found
rocksdb.number.keys.prev.found
(number of calls where seek/next/prev found a value)
Test Plan:
./db_bench -statistics -benchmarks fillrandom,seekrandom -seek_nexts 5
./db_bench -statistics -benchmarks fillrandom,seekrandom -seek_nexts 5 -reverse_iterator
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, kradhakrishnan, IslamAbdelRahman, MarkCallaghan, sdong, igor
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D46605
Summary:
In some cases, equality comparisons can be done more efficiently than three-way
comparisons. There are quite a few places in the code where we only care about
equality. This patch adds an Equal() method that defaults to using the
Compare() method.
Test Plan: make clean all check
Reviewers: rven, anthony, yhchiang, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D46233
Summary:
When DBIter changes iterating direction from forward to backward, it might see some much larger keys with higher sequence ID. With this commit, these rows will be actively filtered out. It should fix existing disabled tests in db_iter_test.
This may not be a perfect fix, but it introduces least impact on existing codes, in order to be safe.
Test Plan:
Enable existing tests and make sure they pass. Add a new test DBIterWithMergeIterTest.InnerMergeIteratorDataRace8.
Also run all existing tests.
Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, anthony, IslamAbdelRahman, kradhakrishnan, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D45567
Summary: There is a check to fail the iterator if prefix extractor is specified but upper bound is out of the prefix for the seek key. Relax this constraint to allow users to set upper bound to the next prefix of the current one.
Test Plan: make commit-prereq
Reviewers: igor, anthony, kradhakrishnan, yhchiang, rven
Reviewed By: rven
Subscribers: tnovak, leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D44949
Summary:
While working on single delete support for db_bench, I realized that
db_bench/db_stress contain a bunch of duplicate code related to
copmression and found some typos. This patch removes duplicate code,
typos and a redundant #ifndef in internal_stats.cc.
Test Plan: make db_stress && make db_bench && ./db_bench --benchmarks=compress,uncompress
Reviewers: yhchiang, sdong, rven, anthony, igor
Reviewed By: igor
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D43965
Summary:
When seeking to the last occurrence of a key with sequence number 0, db_iter
ends up in an endless loop because it seeks to type kValueTypeForSeek
which is larger than kTypeDeletion/kTypeValue. Added test case that triggers
the behavior.
Test Plan: make clean all check
Reviewers: igor, rven, anthony, yhchiang, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D43653
Summary:
While doing forward iterating, if current key is merge, internal iterator position is placed to the next key. If Prev() is called now, needs to do extra Prev() to recover the location.
This is second attempt of fixing after reverting ec70fea4c4. This time shrink the fix to only merge key is the current key and avoid the reseeking logic for max_iterating skipping
Test Plan: enable the two disabled tests and make sure they pass
Reviewers: rven, IslamAbdelRahman, kradhakrishnan, tnovak, yhchiang
Reviewed By: yhchiang
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D43557
Summary:
This diff reverts the following two previous diffs related to
DBIter::FindPrevUserKey(), which makes db_stress unstable.
We should bake a better fix for this.
* "Fix a comparison in DBIter::FindPrevUserKey()"
ec70fea4c4.
* "Fixed endless loop in DBIter::FindPrevUserKey()"
acee2b08a2.
Test Plan: db_stress
Reviewers: anthony, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D41301
Summary:
When seek target is a merge key (`kTypeMerge`), `DBIter::FindNextUserEntry()`
advances the underlying iterator _past_ the current key (`saved_key_`); see
`MergeValuesNewToOld()`. However, `FindPrevUserKey()` assumes that `iter_`
points to an entry with the same user key as `saved_key_`. As a result,
`it->Seek(key) && it->Prev()` can cause the iterator to be positioned at the
_next_, instead of the previous, entry (new test, written by @lovro, reproduces
the bug).
This diff changes `FindPrevUserKey()` to also skip keys that are _greater_ than
`saved_key_`.
Test Plan: db_test
Reviewers: igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba, lovro
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D40791
Summary: #7124486: RocksDB's Iterator.SeekToLast should seek to the last key before iterate_upper_bound if presents
Test Plan: ./db_iter_test run successfully with the new testcase
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, igor, anthony, kradhakrishnan, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D40425
Summary:
We have addded new stats and perf_context for measuring the merge and filter operation time consumption.
We have bounded all the merge operations within the GUARD statment and collected the total time for these operations in the DB.
Test Plan: WIP
Reviewers: rven, yhchiang, kradhakrishnan, igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D34377
Summary:
When using latest clang (3.6 or 3.7/trunck) rocksdb is failing with many errors. Almost all of them are missing override errors. This diff adds missing override keyword. No manual changes.
Prerequisites: bear and clang 3.5 build with extra tools
```lang=bash
% USE_CLANG=1 bear make all # generate a compilation database http://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html
% clang-modernize -p . -include . -add-override
% make format
```
Test Plan:
Make sure all tests are passing.
```lang=bash
% #Use default fb code clang.
% make check
```
Verify less error and no missing override errors.
```lang=bash
% # Have trunk clang present in path.
% ROCKSDB_NO_FBCODE=1 CC=clang CXX=clang++ make
```
Reviewers: igor, kradhakrishnan, rven, meyering, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D34077
Summary:
This diff contains trivial fixes for 6 scan-build warnings:
**db/c_test.c**
`db` variable is never read. Removed assignment.
scan-build report:
http://home.fburl.com/~sugak/latest20/report-9b77d2.html#EndPath
**db/db_iter.cc**
`skipping` local variable is assigned to false. Then in the next switch block the only "non return" case assign `skipping` to true, the rest cases don't use it and all do return.
scan-build report:
http://home.fburl.com/~sugak/latest20/report-13fca7.html#EndPath
**db/log_reader.cc**
In `bool Reader::SkipToInitialBlock()` `offset_in_block` local variable is assigned to 0 `if (offset_in_block > kBlockSize - 6)` and then never used. Removed the assignment and renamed it to `initial_offset_in_block` to avoid confusion.
scan-build report:
http://home.fburl.com/~sugak/latest20/report-a618dd.html#EndPath
In `bool Reader::ReadRecord(Slice* record, std::string* scratch)` local variable `in_fragmented_record` in switch case `kFullType` block is assigned to false and then does `return` without use. In the other switch case `kFirstType` block the same `in_fragmented_record` is assigned to false, but later assigned to true without prior use. Removed assignment for both cases.
scan-build reprots:
http://home.fburl.com/~sugak/latest20/report-bb86b0.html#EndPathhttp://home.fburl.com/~sugak/latest20/report-a975be.html#EndPath
**table/plain_table_key_coding.cc**
Local variable `user_key_size` is assigned when declared. But then in both places where it is used assigned to `static_cast<uint32_t>(key.size() - 8)`. Changed to initialize the variable to the proper value in declaration.
scan-build report:
http://home.fburl.com/~sugak/latest20/report-9e6b86.html#EndPath
**tools/db_stress.cc**
Missing `break` in switch case block. This seems to be a bug. Added missing `break`.
Test Plan:
Make sure all tests are passing and scan-build does not report 'Dead assignment' and 'Dead initialization' bugs.
```lang=bash
% make check
% make analyze
```
Reviewers: meyering, igor, kradhakrishnan, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D33795
Summary: Replace exception by setting valid_ = false in DBIter::MergeValuesNewToOld().
Test Plan:
Not sure if I am right at this, but it seems we currently don't have a good
way to test that code path as it requires dynamically set merge_operator = nullptr
at the time while Merge() is calling.
Reviewers: igor, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D29811
Summary: It turns out that -Wshadow has different rules for gcc than clang. Previous commit fixed clang. This commits fixes the rest of the warnings for gcc.
Test Plan: compiles
Reviewers: ljin, yhchiang, rven, sdong
Reviewed By: sdong
Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb
Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28131
Mike Kolupaev