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165 lines
7.6 KiB
165 lines
7.6 KiB
# Fuzzing RocksDB
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## Overview
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This directory contains [fuzz tests](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzing) for RocksDB.
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RocksDB testing infrastructure currently includes unit tests and [stress tests](https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki/Stress-test),
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we hope fuzz testing can catch more bugs.
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## Prerequisite
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We use [LLVM libFuzzer](http://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html) as the fuzzying engine,
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so make sure you have [clang](https://clang.llvm.org/get_started.html) as your compiler.
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Some tests rely on [structure aware fuzzing](https://github.com/google/fuzzing/blob/master/docs/structure-aware-fuzzing.md).
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We use [protobuf](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers) to define structured input to the fuzzer,
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and use [libprotobuf-mutator](https://github.com/google/libprotobuf-mutator) as the custom libFuzzer mutator.
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So make sure you have protobuf and libprotobuf-mutator installed, and make sure `pkg-config` can find them.
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On some systems, there are both protobuf2 and protobuf3 in the package management system,
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make sure protobuf3 is installed.
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If you do not want to install protobuf library yourself, you can rely on libprotobuf-mutator to download protobuf
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for you. For details about installation, please refer to [libprotobuf-mutator README](https://github.com/google/libprotobuf-mutator#readme)
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## Example
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This example shows you how to do structure aware fuzzing to `rocksdb::SstFileWriter`.
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After walking through the steps to create the fuzzer, we'll introduce a bug into `rocksdb::SstFileWriter::Put`,
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then show that the fuzzer can catch the bug.
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### Design the test
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We want the fuzzing engine to automatically generate a list of database operations,
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then we apply these operations to `SstFileWriter` in sequence,
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finally, after the SST file is generated, we use `SstFileReader` to check the file's checksum.
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### Define input
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We define the database operations in protobuf, each operation has a type of operation and a key value pair,
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see [proto/db_operation.proto](proto/db_operation.proto) for details.
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### Define tests with the input
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In [sst_file_writer_fuzzer.cc](sst_file_writer_fuzzer.cc),
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we define the tests to be run on the generated input:
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```
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DEFINE_PROTO_FUZZER(DBOperations& input) {
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// apply the operations to SstFileWriter and use SstFileReader to verify checksum.
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// ...
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}
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```
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`SstFileWriter` requires the keys of the operations to be unique and be in ascending order,
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but the fuzzing engine generates the input randomly, so we need to process the generated input before
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passing it to `DEFINE_PROTO_FUZZER`, this is accomplished by registering a post processor:
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```
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protobuf_mutator::libfuzzer::PostProcessorRegistration<DBOperations>
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```
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### Compile and link the fuzzer
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In the rocksdb root directory, compile rocksdb library by `make static_lib`.
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Go to the `fuzz` directory,
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run `make sst_file_writer_fuzzer` to generate the fuzzer,
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it will compile rocksdb static library, generate protobuf, then compile and link `sst_file_writer_fuzzer`.
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### Introduce a bug
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Manually introduce a bug to `SstFileWriter::Put`:
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```
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diff --git a/table/sst_file_writer.cc b/table/sst_file_writer.cc
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index ab1ee7c4e..c7da9ffa0 100644
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--- a/table/sst_file_writer.cc
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+++ b/table/sst_file_writer.cc
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@@ -277,6 +277,11 @@ Status SstFileWriter::Add(const Slice& user_key, const Slice& value) {
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}
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Status SstFileWriter::Put(const Slice& user_key, const Slice& value) {
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+ if (user_key.starts_with("!")) {
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+ if (value.ends_with("!")) {
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+ return Status::Corruption("bomb");
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+ }
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+ }
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return rep_->Add(user_key, value, ValueType::kTypeValue);
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}
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```
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The bug is that for `Put`, if `user_key` starts with `!` and `value` ends with `!`, then corrupt.
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### Run fuzz testing to catch the bug
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Run the fuzzer by `time ./sst_file_writer_fuzzer`.
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Here is the output on my machine:
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```
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Corruption: bomb
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==59680== ERROR: libFuzzer: deadly signal
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#0 0x109487315 in __sanitizer_print_stack_trace+0x35 (libclang_rt.asan_osx_dynamic.dylib:x86_64+0x4d315)
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#1 0x108d63f18 in fuzzer::PrintStackTrace() FuzzerUtil.cpp:205
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#2 0x108d47613 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::CrashCallback() FuzzerLoop.cpp:232
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#3 0x7fff6af535fc in _sigtramp+0x1c (libsystem_platform.dylib:x86_64+0x35fc)
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#4 0x7ffee720f3ef (<unknown module>)
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#5 0x7fff6ae29807 in abort+0x77 (libsystem_c.dylib:x86_64+0x7f807)
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#6 0x108cf1c4c in TestOneProtoInput(DBOperations&)+0x113c (sst_file_writer_fuzzer:x86_64+0x100302c4c)
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#7 0x108cf09be in LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput+0x16e (sst_file_writer_fuzzer:x86_64+0x1003019be)
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#8 0x108d48ce0 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::ExecuteCallback(unsigned char const*, unsigned long) FuzzerLoop.cpp:556
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#9 0x108d48425 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::RunOne(unsigned char const*, unsigned long, bool, fuzzer::InputInfo*, bool*) FuzzerLoop.cpp:470
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#10 0x108d4a626 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::MutateAndTestOne() FuzzerLoop.cpp:698
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#11 0x108d4b325 in fuzzer::Fuzzer::Loop(std::__1::vector<fuzzer::SizedFile, fuzzer::fuzzer_allocator<fuzzer::SizedFile> >&) FuzzerLoop.cpp:830
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#12 0x108d37fcd in fuzzer::FuzzerDriver(int*, char***, int (*)(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)) FuzzerDriver.cpp:829
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#13 0x108d652b2 in main FuzzerMain.cpp:19
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#14 0x7fff6ad5acc8 in start+0x0 (libdyld.dylib:x86_64+0x1acc8)
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NOTE: libFuzzer has rudimentary signal handlers.
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Combine libFuzzer with AddressSanitizer or similar for better crash reports.
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SUMMARY: libFuzzer: deadly signal
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MS: 7 Custom-CustomCrossOver-InsertByte-Custom-ChangeBit-Custom-CustomCrossOver-; base unit: 90863b4d83c3f994bba0a417d0c2ee3b68f9e795
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0x6f,0x70,0x65,0x72,0x61,0x74,0x69,0x6f,0x6e,0x73,0x20,0x7b,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x6b,0x65,0x79,0x3a,0x20,0x22,0x21,0x22,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x76,0x61,0x6c,0x75,0x65,0x3a,0x20,0x22,0x21,0x22,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x74,0x79,0x70,0x65,0x3a,0x20,0x50,0x55,0x54,0xa,0x7d,0xa,0x6f,0x70,0x65,0x72,0x61,0x74,0x69,0x6f,0x6e,0x73,0x20,0x7b,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x6b,0x65,0x79,0x3a,0x20,0x22,0x2b,0x22,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x74,0x79,0x70,0x65,0x3a,0x20,0x50,0x55,0x54,0xa,0x7d,0xa,0x6f,0x70,0x65,0x72,0x61,0x74,0x69,0x6f,0x6e,0x73,0x20,0x7b,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x6b,0x65,0x79,0x3a,0x20,0x22,0x2e,0x22,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x74,0x79,0x70,0x65,0x3a,0x20,0x50,0x55,0x54,0xa,0x7d,0xa,0x6f,0x70,0x65,0x72,0x61,0x74,0x69,0x6f,0x6e,0x73,0x20,0x7b,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x6b,0x65,0x79,0x3a,0x20,0x22,0x5c,0x32,0x35,0x33,0x22,0xa,0x20,0x20,0x74,0x79,0x70,0x65,0x3a,0x20,0x50,0x55,0x54,0xa,0x7d,0xa,
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operations {\x0a key: \"!\"\x0a value: \"!\"\x0a type: PUT\x0a}\x0aoperations {\x0a key: \"+\"\x0a type: PUT\x0a}\x0aoperations {\x0a key: \".\"\x0a type: PUT\x0a}\x0aoperations {\x0a key: \"\\253\"\x0a type: PUT\x0a}\x0a
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artifact_prefix='./'; Test unit written to ./crash-a1460be302d09b548e61787178d9edaa40aea467
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Base64: b3BlcmF0aW9ucyB7CiAga2V5OiAiISIKICB2YWx1ZTogIiEiCiAgdHlwZTogUFVUCn0Kb3BlcmF0aW9ucyB7CiAga2V5OiAiKyIKICB0eXBlOiBQVVQKfQpvcGVyYXRpb25zIHsKICBrZXk6ICIuIgogIHR5cGU6IFBVVAp9Cm9wZXJhdGlvbnMgewogIGtleTogIlwyNTMiCiAgdHlwZTogUFVUCn0K
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./sst_file_writer_fuzzer 5.97s user 4.40s system 64% cpu 16.195 total
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```
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Within 6 seconds, it catches the bug.
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The input that triggers the bug is persisted in `./crash-a1460be302d09b548e61787178d9edaa40aea467`:
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```
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$ cat ./crash-a1460be302d09b548e61787178d9edaa40aea467
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operations {
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key: "!"
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value: "!"
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type: PUT
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}
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operations {
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key: "+"
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type: PUT
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}
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operations {
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key: "."
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type: PUT
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}
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operations {
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key: "\253"
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type: PUT
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}
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```
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### Reproduce the crash to debug
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The above crash can be reproduced by `./sst_file_writer_fuzzer ./crash-a1460be302d09b548e61787178d9edaa40aea467`,
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so you can debug the crash.
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## Future Work
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According to [OSS-Fuzz](https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz),
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`as of June 2020, OSS-Fuzz has found over 20,000 bugs in 300 open source projects.`
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RocksDB can join OSS-Fuzz together with other open source projects such as sqlite.
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